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1 import 'dart:math'; // Import a library. | 1 import 'dart:math' show PI; |
2 | 2 |
| 3 List shapes = []; // Use literals to create lists. |
| 4 addShape(shape) => shapes.add(shape); // Function shorthand syntax. |
| 5 |
| 6 main() { |
| 7 // The cascade operator (..) saves you from repetitive typing. |
| 8 addShape(new Ellipse(10, 20)..rotation = 45*PI/180 |
| 9 ..color = 'rgb(0,129,198)' |
| 10 ..outlineWidth = 0); |
| 11 |
| 12 // You can easily insert expression values into strings. |
| 13 print('Area of the first shape: ${shapes[0].area}'); |
| 14 } |
| 15 |
3 abstract class Shape { | 16 abstract class Shape { |
4 num get area; | 17 num get area; |
5 num rotation = 0; | 18 num rotation = 0; |
6 num outlineWidth = 1; | 19 num outlineWidth = 1; |
7 String color = 'black'; | 20 String color = 'black'; |
8 } | 21 } |
9 | 22 |
10 class Ellipse extends Shape { // Declare a class. | 23 class Ellipse extends Shape { |
11 num majorAxis = 0; // An instance variable (property). | 24 num minorAxis, majorAxis; |
12 num minorAxis = 0; | 25 |
| 26 // Syntactic sugar to set members before the constructor body runs. |
| 27 Ellipse(this.minorAxis, this.majorAxis); |
| 28 |
13 static const num C = PI/4; // A constant. | 29 static const num C = PI/4; // A constant. |
14 num get area => C*majorAxis*minorAxis; // A property implemented with a gett
er. | 30 num get area => C*majorAxis*minorAxis; // A property implemented with a gette
r. |
15 | 31 |
16 Ellipse(this.majorAxis, this.minorAxis); // Compact constructor syntax. | 32 Ellipse.circle(diameter) { // A named constructor. |
17 Ellipse.circle(diameter) { // A named constructor. | |
18 minorAxis = majorAxis = diameter; | 33 minorAxis = majorAxis = diameter; |
19 } | 34 } |
20 | 35 |
21 // Override Object's toString() method. | 36 // Override Object's toString() method. |
22 String toString() => | 37 String toString() => |
23 'Ellipse: ${majorAxis}x${minorAxis} ($area); rotation: $rotation; $color'; | 38 'Ellipse: ${majorAxis}x${minorAxis} ($area); rotation: $rotation; $color'; |
24 } | 39 } |
25 | |
26 // Functions and variables can be inside or outside of classes. | |
27 var shapes = new List(); // A global variable. | |
28 addShape(shape) => shapes.add(shape); // Function shorthand syntax. | |
29 | |
30 // Every app has a main() function, where execution starts. | |
31 main() { | |
32 // The cascade operator (..) saves you from repetitive typing. | |
33 addShape(new Ellipse(10, 20)..rotation = 45*PI/180 | |
34 ..color = 'rgb(0,129,198)' | |
35 ..outlineWidth = 0); | |
36 | |
37 // Convert expressions to strings using ${...}. | |
38 print('Area of the first shape: ${shapes[0].area}'); | |
39 print(shapes[0]); | |
40 } | |
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