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1 Non-standard hyphenation | |
2 ------------------------ | |
3 | |
4 Some languages use non-standard hyphenation; `discretionary' | |
5 character changes at hyphenation points. For example, | |
6 Catalan: paral·lel -> paral-lel, | |
7 Dutch: omaatje -> oma-tje, | |
8 German (before the new orthography): Schiffahrt -> Schiff-fahrt, | |
9 Hungarian: asszonnyal -> asz-szony-nyal (multiple occurance!) | |
10 Swedish: tillata -> till-lata. | |
11 | |
12 Using this extended library, you can define | |
13 non-standard hyphenation patterns. For example: | |
14 | |
15 l·1l/l=l | |
16 a1atje./a=t,1,3 | |
17 .schif1fahrt/ff=f,5,2 | |
18 .as3szon/sz=sz,2,3 | |
19 n1nyal./ny=ny,1,3 | |
20 .til1lata./ll=l,3,2 | |
21 | |
22 or with narrow boundaries: | |
23 | |
24 l·1l/l=,1,2 | |
25 a1atje./a=,1,1 | |
26 .schif1fahrt/ff=,5,1 | |
27 .as3szon/sz=,2,1 | |
28 n1nyal./ny=,1,1 | |
29 .til1lata./ll=,3,1 | |
30 | |
31 Note: Libhnj uses modified patterns by preparing substrings.pl. | |
32 Unfortunatelly, now the conversion step can generate bad non-standard | |
33 patterns (non-standard -> standard pattern conversion), so using | |
34 narrow boundaries may be better for recent Libhnj. For example, | |
35 substrings.pl generates a few bad patterns for Hungarian hyphenation | |
36 patterns resulting bad non-standard hyphenation in a few cases. Using narrow | |
37 boundaries solves this problem. Java HyFo module can check this problem. | |
38 | |
39 Syntax of the non-standard hyphenation patterns | |
40 ------------------------------------------------ | |
41 | |
42 pat1tern/change[,start,cut] | |
43 | |
44 If this pattern matches the word, and this pattern win (see README.hyphen) | |
45 in the change region of the pattern, then pattern[start, start + cut - 1] | |
46 substring will be replaced with the "change". | |
47 | |
48 For example, a German ff -> ff-f hyphenation: | |
49 | |
50 f1f/ff=f | |
51 | |
52 or with expansion | |
53 | |
54 f1f/ff=f,1,2 | |
55 | |
56 will change every "ff" with "ff=f" at hyphenation. | |
57 | |
58 A more real example: | |
59 | |
60 % simple ff -> f-f hyphenation | |
61 f1f | |
62 % Schiffahrt -> Schiff-fahrt hyphenation | |
63 % | |
64 schif3fahrt/ff=f,5,2 | |
65 | |
66 Specification | |
67 | |
68 - Pattern: matching patterns of the original Liang's algorithm | |
69 - patterns must contain only one hyphenation point at change region | |
70 signed with an one-digit odd number (1, 3, 5, 7 or 9). | |
71 These point may be at subregion boundaries: schif3fahrt/ff=,5,1 | |
72 - only the greater value guarantees the win (don't mix non-standard and | |
73 non-standard patterns with the same value, for example | |
74 instead of f3f and schif3fahrt/ff=f,5,2 use f3f and schif5fahrt/ff=f,5,2) | |
75 | |
76 - Change: new characters. | |
77 Arbitrary character sequence. Equal sign (=) signs hyphenation points | |
78 for OpenOffice.org (like in the example). (In a possible German LaTeX | |
79 preprocessor, ff could be replaced with "ff, for a Hungarian one, ssz | |
80 with `ssz, according to the German and Hungarian Babel settings.) | |
81 | |
82 - Start: starting position of the change region. | |
83 - begins with 1 (not 0): schif3fahrt/ff=f,5,2 | |
84 - start dot doesn't matter: .schif3fahrt/ff=f,5,2 | |
85 - numbers don't matter: .s2c2h2i2f3f2ahrt/ff=f,5,2 | |
86 - In UTF-8 encoding, use Unicode character positions: össze/sz=sz,2,3 | |
87 ("össze" looks "össze" in an ISO 8859-1 8-bit editor). | |
88 | |
89 - Cut: length of the removed character sequence in the original word. | |
90 - In UTF-8 encoding, use Unicode character length: paral·1lel/l=l,5,3 | |
91 ("paral·lel" looks "paral·1lel" in an ISO 8859-1 8-bit editor). | |
92 | |
93 Dictionary developing | |
94 --------------------- | |
95 | |
96 There hasn't been extended PatGen pattern generator for non-standard | |
97 hyphenation patterns, yet. | |
98 | |
99 Fortunatelly, non-standard hyphenation points are forbidden in the PatGen | |
100 generated hyphenation patterns, so with a little patch can be develop | |
101 non-standard hyphenation patterns also in this case. | |
102 | |
103 Warning: If you use UTF-8 Unicode encoding in your patterns, call | |
104 substrings.pl with UTF-8 parameter to calculate right | |
105 character positions for non-standard hyphenation: | |
106 | |
107 ./substrings.pl input output UTF-8 | |
108 | |
109 Programming | |
110 ----------- | |
111 | |
112 Use hyphenate2() or hyphenate3() to handle non-standard hyphenation. | |
113 See hyphen.h for the documentation of the hyphenate*() functions. | |
114 See example.c for processing the output of the hyphenate*() functions. | |
115 | |
116 Warning: change characters are lower cased in the source, so you may need | |
117 case conversion of the change characters based on input word case detection. | |
118 For example, see OpenOffice.org source | |
119 (lingucomponent/source/hyphenator/altlinuxhyph/hyphen/hyphenimp.cxx). | |
120 | |
121 László Németh | |
122 <nemeth (at) openoffice.org> | |
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