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Unified Diff: app/doc/glossary.markdown

Issue 162403002: Remove docs and point to ones on dartlang.org. (Closed) Base URL: https://github.com/dart-lang/pub-dartlang.git@master
Patch Set: Re-upload. Created 6 years, 10 months ago
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Index: app/doc/glossary.markdown
diff --git a/app/doc/glossary.markdown b/app/doc/glossary.markdown
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----
-title: "Glossary"
----
-
-### Application package
-
-A package that is not intended to be used as a library. Application packages may
-have [dependencies](#dependency) on other packages, but are never depended on
-themselves. They are usually meant to be run directly, either on the command
-line or in a browser. The opposite of an application package is a [library
-package](#library-package).
-
-Application packages should check their [lockfiles](#lockfile) into source
-control, so that everyone working on the application and every location the
-application is deployed has a consistent set of dependencies. Because their
-dependencies are constrained by the lockfile, application packages usually
-specify `any` for their dependencies' [version
-constraints](#version-constraint).
-
-### Asset
-
-<div class="learn-more">
- <a href="/doc/assets-and-transformers.html">
- Learn more about assets &rarr;
- </a>
-</div>
-
-A resource&mdash;Dart, HTML, JavaScript, CSS, image, or anything
-else&mdash;intended to be part of a deployed package. The package can be a web
-app, a package used by a web app, or any other package that benefits from a
-build step. Tools such as [`pub serve`](pub-serve.html) and [`pub build`](pub-
-build.html) take _source_ assets (such as an HTML file, a CSS file, and
-several Dart files) and produce _generated_ assets (such as the same HTML and
-CSS files, plus a single JavaScript file).
-
-Assets fall into four groups, with some overlap:
-
-* Source asset: An actual, authored file on disk that `pub build` and
- `pub serve` can find and use.
-* Generated asset: An asset (possibly the output of a
- [transformer](#transformer)) that's either served by `pub serve` or saved
- to disk by `pub build`.
-* Input asset: An asset that is the input to a transformer. An input asset
- might be a source asset, or it might be the output of a transformer in a
- previous phase.
-* Output asset: An asset that is created by a transformer. An output asset
- might be a generated asset, or it might be the input to a transformer in a
- later phase.
-
-### Dependency
-
-Another package that your package relies on. If your package wants to import
-code from some other package, that package must be a dependency. Dependencies
-are specified in your package's [pubspec](pubspec.html) and described
-[here](dependencies.html).
-
-### Entrypoint
-
-"Entrypoint" is used to mean two things. In the general context of Dart, it is
-a Dart library that is directly invoked by a Dart implementation. When you
-reference a Dart library in a `<script>` tag or pass it as a command line
-argument to the standalone Dart VM, that library is the entrypoint. In other
-words, it's usually the `.dart` file that contains `main()`.
-
-In the context of pub, an "entrypoint package" or "root package" is the root
-of a dependency graph. It will usually be an application. When you run your app,
-it's the entrypoint package. Every other package it depends on will not be an
-entrypoint in that context.
-
-A package can be an entrypoint in some contexts and not in others. Lets say your
-app uses a library package A. When you run your app, A is not the entrypoint
-package. However, if you go over to A and execute its unit tests, in that
-context, it *is* the entrypoint since your app isn't involved.
-
-### Entrypoint directory
-
-A directory inside your package that is allowed to contain
-[Dart entrypoints](#entrypoint). Pub will ensure all of these directories get
-a "packages" directory, which is needed for "package:" imports to work.
-
-Pub has a whitelist of these directories: `benchmark`, `bin`, `example`,
-`test`, `tool`, and `web`. Any subdirectories of those (except `bin`) may also
-contain entrypoints.
-
-### Immediate dependency
-
-A [dependency](#dependency) that your package directly uses itself. The
-dependencies you list in your pubspec are your package's immediate dependencies.
-All other dependencies are [transitive dependencies](#transitive-dependency).
-
-### Library package
-
-A package that other packages will depend on. Library packages may have
-[dependencies](#dependency) on other packages *and* may be dependencies
-themselves. They may also include scripts that will be run directly. The
-opposite of a library package is an [application package](#application-package).
-
-Library packages should not check their [lockfile](#lockfile) into source
-control, since they should support a range of dependency versions. Their
-[immediate dependencies](#immediate-dependency)' [version
-constraints](#version-constraints) should be as wide as possible while still
-ensuring that the dependencies will be compatible with the versions that were
-tested against.
-
-Since [semantic versioning](http://semver.org) requires that libraries increment
-their major version numbers for any backwards incompatible changes, library
-packages will usually require their dependencies' versions to be greater than or
-equal to the versions that were tested and less than the next major version. So
-if your library depended on the (fictional) `transmogrify` package and you
-tested it at version 1.2.1, your version constraint would be `">=1.2.1 <2.0.0"`.
-
-### Lockfile
-
-A file named `pubspec.lock` that specifies the concrete versions and other
-identifying information for every immediate and transitive dependency a package
-relies on.
-
-Unlike the pubspec, which only lists immediate dependencies and allows version
-ranges, the lock file comprehensively pins down the entire dependency graph to
-specific versions of packages. A lockfile ensures that you can recreate the
-exact configuration of packages used by an application.
-
-The lockfile is generated automatically for you by pub when you run
-[`pub get`](pub-get.html) or [`pub upgrade`](pub-upgrade.html). If your
-package is an application package, you will typically check this into source
-control. For library packages, you usually won't.
-
-### SDK constraint
-
-The declared versions of the Dart SDK itself that a package declares that it
-supports. An SDK constraint is specified using normal
-[version constraint](#version-constraint) syntax, but in a special "environment"
-section [in the pubspec](pubspec.html#sdk-constraints).
-
-### Source
-
-A kind of place that pub can get packages from. A source isn't a specific place
-like pub.dartlang.org or some specific Git URL. Each source describes a general
-procedure for accessing a package in some way. For example, "git" is one source.
-The git source knows how to download packages given a Git URL. There are a few
-different [supported sources](dependencies.html#sources).
-
-### System cache
-
-When pub gets a remote package, it downloads it into a single "system cache"
-directory maintained by pub. When it generates a "packages" directory for a
-package, that only contains symlinks to the real packages in the system cache.
-On Mac and Linux, this directory defaults to `~/.pub-cache`. On Windows, it
-goes in `AppData\Roaming\Pub\Cache`.
-
-This means you only have to download a given version of a package once and can
-then reuse it in as many packages as you would like. It also means you can
-delete and regenerate your "packages" directory without having to access the
-network.
-
-### Transformer
-
-<div class="learn-more">
- <a href="/doc/assets-and-transformers.html">
- Learn more about transformers &rarr;
- </a>
-</div>
-
-A transformer is a Dart object that converts input [assets](#asset) (such as
-Dart files or Polymer-formatted HTML) into output assets (such as JavaScript
-and HTML). The [`pub build`](pub-build.html) command puts the generated assets
-into files. The [`pub serve`](pub-serve.html) command, on the other hand,
-doesn't produce files; its generated assets are served directly by the dev
-server.
-
-### Transitive dependency
-
-A dependency that your package indirectly uses because one of its dependencies
-requires it. If your package depends on A, which in turn depends on B which
-depends on C, then A is an [immediate dependency](#immediate-dependency) and B
-and C are transitive ones.
-
-### Uploader
-
-An uploader of a package is someone who has administrative permissions
-for that package. They can not only upload new versions of a package,
-but also [add and remove other uploaders](pub-uploader.html) for that
-package. The uploader of a package is often, but not necessarily, the
-same as the [author](pubspec.html#authorauthors) of a package.
-
-Anyone uploading a new package automatically becomes an uploader for
-that package. Otherwise, to become an uploader, you need to contact an
-existing uploader and ask them to add you as another uploader.
-
-### Version constraint
-
-<div class="learn-more">
- <a href="/doc/dependencies.html#version-constraints">
- Learn more about version constaints &rarr;
- </a>
-</div>
-
-A constraint placed on each [dependency](#dependency) of a package that
-specifies which versions of that dependency the package is expected to work
-with. This can be a single version (e.g. `0.3.0`), a range of versions (e.g.
-`">=1.2.1 <2.0.0"`), or `any` (or just empty) to specify that any version is
-allowed.
-
-<div class="learn-more">
- <a href="/doc/versioning.html">
- Learn about pub's versioning philosophy &rarr;
- </a>
-</div>
-
-[Library packages](#library-package) should always specify version constraints
-for all of their dependencies, but [application packages](#application-package)
-should usually allow any version of their dependencies, since they use the
-[lockfile](#lockfile) to manage their dependency versions.
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