Scripts to download files from google storage based on sha1 sums

third_party/gsutil/boto/boto/ec2/connection.py

Index: third_party/gsutil/boto/boto/ec2/connection.py
diff --git a/third_party/gsutil/boto/boto/ec2/connection.py b/third_party/gsutil/boto/boto/ec2/connection.py
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+# Copyright (c) 2006-2012 Mitch Garnaat http://garnaat.org/
+# Copyright (c) 2010, Eucalyptus Systems, Inc.
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.  All Rights Reserved
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+# copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, dis-
+# tribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+# persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the fol-
+# lowing conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+# in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+# OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABIL-
+# ITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+# SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+# WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
+# IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+"""
+Represents a connection to the EC2 service.
+"""
+
+import base64
+import warnings
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timedelta
+
+import boto
+from boto.connection import AWSQueryConnection
+from boto.resultset import ResultSet
+from boto.ec2.image import Image, ImageAttribute
+from boto.ec2.instance import Reservation, Instance
+from boto.ec2.instance import ConsoleOutput, InstanceAttribute
+from boto.ec2.keypair import KeyPair
+from boto.ec2.address import Address
+from boto.ec2.volume import Volume, VolumeAttribute
+from boto.ec2.snapshot import Snapshot
+from boto.ec2.snapshot import SnapshotAttribute
+from boto.ec2.zone import Zone
+from boto.ec2.securitygroup import SecurityGroup
+from boto.ec2.regioninfo import RegionInfo
+from boto.ec2.instanceinfo import InstanceInfo
+from boto.ec2.reservedinstance import ReservedInstancesOffering
+from boto.ec2.reservedinstance import ReservedInstance
+from boto.ec2.reservedinstance import ReservedInstanceListing
+from boto.ec2.spotinstancerequest import SpotInstanceRequest
+from boto.ec2.spotpricehistory import SpotPriceHistory
+from boto.ec2.spotdatafeedsubscription import SpotDatafeedSubscription
+from boto.ec2.bundleinstance import BundleInstanceTask
+from boto.ec2.placementgroup import PlacementGroup
+from boto.ec2.tag import Tag
+from boto.ec2.vmtype import VmType
+from boto.ec2.instancestatus import InstanceStatusSet
+from boto.ec2.volumestatus import VolumeStatusSet
+from boto.ec2.networkinterface import NetworkInterface
+from boto.exception import EC2ResponseError
+
+#boto.set_stream_logger('ec2')
+
+
+class EC2Connection(AWSQueryConnection):
+
+    APIVersion = boto.config.get('Boto', 'ec2_version', '2012-12-01')
+    DefaultRegionName = boto.config.get('Boto', 'ec2_region_name', 'us-east-1')
+    DefaultRegionEndpoint = boto.config.get('Boto', 'ec2_region_endpoint',
+                                            'ec2.us-east-1.amazonaws.com')
+    ResponseError = EC2ResponseError
+
+    def __init__(self, aws_access_key_id=None, aws_secret_access_key=None,
+                 is_secure=True, host=None, port=None,
+                 proxy=None, proxy_port=None,
+                 proxy_user=None, proxy_pass=None, debug=0,
+                 https_connection_factory=None, region=None, path='/',
+                 api_version=None, security_token=None,
+                 validate_certs=True):
+        """
+        Init method to create a new connection to EC2.
+        """
+        if not region:
+            region = RegionInfo(self, self.DefaultRegionName,
+                                self.DefaultRegionEndpoint)
+        self.region = region
+        AWSQueryConnection.__init__(self, aws_access_key_id,
+                                    aws_secret_access_key,
+                                    is_secure, port, proxy, proxy_port,
+                                    proxy_user, proxy_pass,
+                                    self.region.endpoint, debug,
+                                    https_connection_factory, path,
+                                    security_token,
+                                    validate_certs=validate_certs)
+        if api_version:
+            self.APIVersion = api_version
+
+    def _required_auth_capability(self):
+        return ['ec2']
+
+    def get_params(self):
+        """
+        Returns a dictionary containing the value of of all of the keyword
+        arguments passed when constructing this connection.
+        """
+        param_names = ['aws_access_key_id', 'aws_secret_access_key',
+                       'is_secure', 'port', 'proxy', 'proxy_port',
+                       'proxy_user', 'proxy_pass',
+                       'debug', 'https_connection_factory']
+        params = {}
+        for name in param_names:
+            params[name] = getattr(self, name)
+        return params
+
+    def build_filter_params(self, params, filters):
+        i = 1
+        for name in filters:
+            aws_name = name
+            if not aws_name.startswith('tag:'):
+                aws_name = name.replace('_', '-')
+            params['Filter.%d.Name' % i] = aws_name
+            value = filters[name]
+            if not isinstance(value, list):
+                value = [value]
+            j = 1
+            for v in value:
+                params['Filter.%d.Value.%d' % (i, j)] = v
+                j += 1
+            i += 1
+
+    # Image methods
+
+    def get_all_images(self, image_ids=None, owners=None,
+                       executable_by=None, filters=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve all the EC2 images available on your account.
+
+        :type image_ids: list
+        :param image_ids: A list of strings with the image IDs wanted
+
+        :type owners: list
+        :param owners: A list of owner IDs
+
+        :type executable_by: list
+        :param executable_by: Returns AMIs for which the specified
+                              user ID has explicit launch permissions
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.image.Image`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if image_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, image_ids, 'ImageId')
+        if owners:
+            self.build_list_params(params, owners, 'Owner')
+        if executable_by:
+            self.build_list_params(params, executable_by, 'ExecutableBy')
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeImages', params,
+                             [('item', Image)], verb='POST')
+
+    def get_all_kernels(self, kernel_ids=None, owners=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve all the EC2 kernels available on your account.
+        Constructs a filter to allow the processing to happen server side.
+
+        :type kernel_ids: list
+        :param kernel_ids: A list of strings with the image IDs wanted
+
+        :type owners: list
+        :param owners: A list of owner IDs
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.image.Image`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if kernel_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, kernel_ids, 'ImageId')
+        if owners:
+            self.build_list_params(params, owners, 'Owner')
+        filter = {'image-type': 'kernel'}
+        self.build_filter_params(params, filter)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeImages', params,
+                             [('item', Image)], verb='POST')
+
+    def get_all_ramdisks(self, ramdisk_ids=None, owners=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve all the EC2 ramdisks available on your account.
+        Constructs a filter to allow the processing to happen server side.
+
+        :type ramdisk_ids: list
+        :param ramdisk_ids: A list of strings with the image IDs wanted
+
+        :type owners: list
+        :param owners: A list of owner IDs
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.image.Image`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if ramdisk_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, ramdisk_ids, 'ImageId')
+        if owners:
+            self.build_list_params(params, owners, 'Owner')
+        filter = {'image-type': 'ramdisk'}
+        self.build_filter_params(params, filter)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeImages', params,
+                             [('item', Image)], verb='POST')
+
+    def get_image(self, image_id):
+        """
+        Shortcut method to retrieve a specific image (AMI).
+
+        :type image_id: string
+        :param image_id: the ID of the Image to retrieve
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.image.Image`
+        :return: The EC2 Image specified or None if the image is not found
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.get_all_images(image_ids=[image_id])[0]
+        except IndexError:  # None of those images available
+            return None
+
+    def register_image(self, name=None, description=None, image_location=None,
+                       architecture=None, kernel_id=None, ramdisk_id=None,
+                       root_device_name=None, block_device_map=None):
+        """
+        Register an image.
+
+        :type name: string
+        :param name: The name of the AMI.  Valid only for EBS-based images.
+
+        :type description: string
+        :param description: The description of the AMI.
+
+        :type image_location: string
+        :param image_location: Full path to your AMI manifest in
+            Amazon S3 storage.  Only used for S3-based AMI's.
+
+        :type architecture: string
+        :param architecture: The architecture of the AMI.  Valid choices are:
+            * i386
+            * x86_64
+
+        :type kernel_id: string
+        :param kernel_id: The ID of the kernel with which to launch
+            the instances
+
+        :type root_device_name: string
+        :param root_device_name: The root device name (e.g. /dev/sdh)
+
+        :type block_device_map: :class:`boto.ec2.blockdevicemapping.BlockDeviceMapping`
+        :param block_device_map: A BlockDeviceMapping data structure
+            describing the EBS volumes associated with the Image.
+
+        :rtype: string
+        :return: The new image id
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if name:
+            params['Name'] = name
+        if description:
+            params['Description'] = description
+        if architecture:
+            params['Architecture'] = architecture
+        if kernel_id:
+            params['KernelId'] = kernel_id
+        if ramdisk_id:
+            params['RamdiskId'] = ramdisk_id
+        if image_location:
+            params['ImageLocation'] = image_location
+        if root_device_name:
+            params['RootDeviceName'] = root_device_name
+        if block_device_map:
+            block_device_map.build_list_params(params)
+        rs = self.get_object('RegisterImage', params, ResultSet, verb='POST')
+        image_id = getattr(rs, 'imageId', None)
+        return image_id
+
+    def deregister_image(self, image_id, delete_snapshot=False):
+        """
+        Unregister an AMI.
+
+        :type image_id: string
+        :param image_id: the ID of the Image to unregister
+
+        :type delete_snapshot: bool
+        :param delete_snapshot: Set to True if we should delete the
+                                snapshot associated with an EBS volume
+                                mounted at /dev/sda1
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        snapshot_id = None
+        if delete_snapshot:
+            image = self.get_image(image_id)
+            for key in image.block_device_mapping:
+                if key == "/dev/sda1":
+                    snapshot_id = image.block_device_mapping[key].snapshot_id
+                    break
+
+        result = self.get_status('DeregisterImage',
+                                 {'ImageId':image_id}, verb='POST')
+        if result and snapshot_id:
+            return result and self.delete_snapshot(snapshot_id)
+        return result
+
+    def create_image(self, instance_id, name,
+                     description=None, no_reboot=False):
+        """
+        Will create an AMI from the instance in the running or stopped
+        state.
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: the ID of the instance to image.
+
+        :type name: string
+        :param name: The name of the new image
+
+        :type description: string
+        :param description: An optional human-readable string describing
+                            the contents and purpose of the AMI.
+
+        :type no_reboot: bool
+        :param no_reboot: An optional flag indicating that the bundling process
+                          should not attempt to shutdown the instance before
+                          bundling.  If this flag is True, the responsibility
+                          of maintaining file system integrity is left to the
+                          owner of the instance.
+
+        :rtype: string
+        :return: The new image id
+        """
+        params = {'InstanceId': instance_id,
+                  'Name': name}
+        if description:
+            params['Description'] = description
+        if no_reboot:
+            params['NoReboot'] = 'true'
+        img = self.get_object('CreateImage', params, Image, verb='POST')
+        return img.id
+
+    # ImageAttribute methods
+
+    def get_image_attribute(self, image_id, attribute='launchPermission'):
+        """
+        Gets an attribute from an image.
+
+        :type image_id: string
+        :param image_id: The Amazon image id for which you want info about
+
+        :type attribute: string
+        :param attribute: The attribute you need information about.
+                          Valid choices are:
+                          * launchPermission
+                          * productCodes
+                          * blockDeviceMapping
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.image.ImageAttribute`
+        :return: An ImageAttribute object representing the value of the
+                 attribute requested
+        """
+        params = {'ImageId': image_id,
+                  'Attribute': attribute}
+        return self.get_object('DescribeImageAttribute', params,
+                               ImageAttribute, verb='POST')
+
+    def modify_image_attribute(self, image_id, attribute='launchPermission',
+                               operation='add', user_ids=None, groups=None,
+                               product_codes=None):
+        """
+        Changes an attribute of an image.
+
+        :type image_id: string
+        :param image_id: The image id you wish to change
+
+        :type attribute: string
+        :param attribute: The attribute you wish to change
+
+        :type operation: string
+        :param operation: Either add or remove (this is required for changing
+                          launchPermissions)
+
+        :type user_ids: list
+        :param user_ids: The Amazon IDs of users to add/remove attributes
+
+        :type groups: list
+        :param groups: The groups to add/remove attributes
+
+        :type product_codes: list
+        :param product_codes: Amazon DevPay product code. Currently only one
+                              product code can be associated with an AMI. Once
+                              set, the product code cannot be changed or reset.
+        """
+        params = {'ImageId': image_id,
+                  'Attribute': attribute,
+                  'OperationType': operation}
+        if user_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, user_ids, 'UserId')
+        if groups:
+            self.build_list_params(params, groups, 'UserGroup')
+        if product_codes:
+            self.build_list_params(params, product_codes, 'ProductCode')
+        return self.get_status('ModifyImageAttribute', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def reset_image_attribute(self, image_id, attribute='launchPermission'):
+        """
+        Resets an attribute of an AMI to its default value.
+
+        :type image_id: string
+        :param image_id: ID of the AMI for which an attribute will be described
+
+        :type attribute: string
+        :param attribute: The attribute to reset
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: Whether the operation succeeded or not
+        """
+        params = {'ImageId': image_id,
+                  'Attribute': attribute}
+        return self.get_status('ResetImageAttribute', params, verb='POST')
+
+    # Instance methods
+
+    def get_all_instances(self, instance_ids=None, filters=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve all the instances associated with your account.
+
+        :type instance_ids: list
+        :param instance_ids: A list of strings of instance IDs
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit the
+            results returned.  Filters are provided in the form of a
+            dictionary consisting of filter names as the key and
+            filter values as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+            names/values is dependent on the request being performed.
+            Check the EC2 API guide for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of  :class:`boto.ec2.instance.Reservation`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if instance_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, instance_ids, 'InstanceId')
+        if filters:
+            if 'group-id' in filters:
+                gid = filters.get('group-id')
+                if not gid.startswith('sg-') or len(gid) != 11:
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        "The group-id filter now requires a security group "
+                        "identifier (sg-*) instead of a group name. To filter "
+                        "by group name use the 'group-name' filter instead.",
+                        UserWarning)
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeInstances', params,
+                             [('item', Reservation)], verb='POST')
+
+    def get_all_instance_status(self, instance_ids=None,
+                                max_results=None, next_token=None,
+                                filters=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve all the instances in your account scheduled for maintenance.
+
+        :type instance_ids: list
+        :param instance_ids: A list of strings of instance IDs
+
+        :type max_results: int
+        :param max_results: The maximum number of paginated instance
+            items per response.
+
+        :type next_token: str
+        :param next_token: A string specifying the next paginated set
+            of results to return.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+            the results returned.  Filters are provided
+            in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+            filter names as the key and filter values
+            as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+            names/values is dependent on the request
+            being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+            for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of instances that have maintenance scheduled.
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if instance_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, instance_ids, 'InstanceId')
+        if max_results:
+            params['MaxResults'] = max_results
+        if next_token:
+            params['NextToken'] = next_token
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_object('DescribeInstanceStatus', params,
+                               InstanceStatusSet, verb='POST')
+
+    def run_instances(self, image_id, min_count=1, max_count=1,
+                      key_name=None, security_groups=None,
+                      user_data=None, addressing_type=None,
+                      instance_type='m1.small', placement=None,
+                      kernel_id=None, ramdisk_id=None,
+                      monitoring_enabled=False, subnet_id=None,
+                      block_device_map=None,
+                      disable_api_termination=False,
+                      instance_initiated_shutdown_behavior=None,
+                      private_ip_address=None,
+                      placement_group=None, client_token=None,
+                      security_group_ids=None,
+                      additional_info=None, instance_profile_name=None,
+                      instance_profile_arn=None, tenancy=None,
+                      ebs_optimized=False, network_interfaces=None):
+        """
+        Runs an image on EC2.
+
+        :type image_id: string
+        :param image_id: The ID of the image to run.
+
+        :type min_count: int
+        :param min_count: The minimum number of instances to launch.
+
+        :type max_count: int
+        :param max_count: The maximum number of instances to launch.
+
+        :type key_name: string
+        :param key_name: The name of the key pair with which to
+            launch instances.
+
+        :type security_groups: list of strings
+        :param security_groups: The names of the security groups with which to
+            associate instances
+
+        :type user_data: string
+        :param user_data: The user data passed to the launched instances
+
+        :type instance_type: string
+        :param instance_type: The type of instance to run:
+
+            * t1.micro
+            * m1.small
+            * m1.medium
+            * m1.large
+            * m1.xlarge
+            * c1.medium
+            * c1.xlarge
+            * m2.xlarge
+            * m2.2xlarge
+            * m2.4xlarge
+            * cc1.4xlarge
+            * cg1.4xlarge
+            * cc2.8xlarge
+
+        :type placement: string
+        :param placement: The availability zone in which to launch
+            the instances.
+
+        :type kernel_id: string
+        :param kernel_id: The ID of the kernel with which to launch the
+            instances.
+
+        :type ramdisk_id: string
+        :param ramdisk_id: The ID of the RAM disk with which to launch the
+            instances.
+
+        :type monitoring_enabled: bool
+        :param monitoring_enabled: Enable CloudWatch monitoring on
+            the instance.
+
+        :type subnet_id: string
+        :param subnet_id: The subnet ID within which to launch the instances
+            for VPC.
+
+        :type private_ip_address: string
+        :param private_ip_address: If you're using VPC, you can
+            optionally use this parameter to assign the instance a
+            specific available IP address from the subnet (e.g.,
+            10.0.0.25).
+
+        :type block_device_map: :class:`boto.ec2.blockdevicemapping.BlockDeviceMapping`
+        :param block_device_map: A BlockDeviceMapping data structure
+            describing the EBS volumes associated  with the Image.
+
+        :type disable_api_termination: bool
+        :param disable_api_termination: If True, the instances will be locked
+            and will not be able to be terminated via the API.
+
+        :type instance_initiated_shutdown_behavior: string
+        :param instance_initiated_shutdown_behavior: Specifies whether the
+            instance stops or terminates on instance-initiated shutdown.
+            Valid values are:
+
+            * stop
+            * terminate
+
+        :type placement_group: string
+        :param placement_group: If specified, this is the name of the placement
+            group in which the instance(s) will be launched.
+
+        :type client_token: string
+        :param client_token: Unique, case-sensitive identifier you provide
+            to ensure idempotency of the request.  Maximum 64 ASCII characters.
+
+        :type security_group_ids: list of strings
+        :param security_group_ids: The ID of the VPC security groups with
+            which to associate instances.
+
+        :type additional_info: string
+        :param additional_info: Specifies additional information to make
+            available to the instance(s).
+
+        :type tenancy: string
+        :param tenancy: The tenancy of the instance you want to
+            launch. An instance with a tenancy of 'dedicated' runs on
+            single-tenant hardware and can only be launched into a
+            VPC. Valid values are:"default" or "dedicated".
+            NOTE: To use dedicated tenancy you MUST specify a VPC
+            subnet-ID as well.
+
+        :type instance_profile_arn: string
+        :param instance_profile_arn: The Amazon resource name (ARN) of
+            the IAM Instance Profile (IIP) to associate with the instances.
+
+        :type instance_profile_name: string
+        :param instance_profile_name: The name of
+            the IAM Instance Profile (IIP) to associate with the instances.
+
+        :type ebs_optimized: bool
+        :param ebs_optimized: Whether the instance is optimized for
+            EBS I/O.  This optimization provides dedicated throughput
+            to Amazon EBS and an optimized configuration stack to
+            provide optimal EBS I/O performance.  This optimization
+            isn't available with all instance types.
+
+        :type network_interfaces: list
+        :param network_interfaces: A list of
+            :class:`boto.ec2.networkinterface.NetworkInterfaceSpecification`
+
+        :rtype: Reservation
+        :return: The :class:`boto.ec2.instance.Reservation` associated with
+                 the request for machines
+        """
+        params = {'ImageId': image_id,
+                  'MinCount': min_count,
+                  'MaxCount': max_count}
+        if key_name:
+            params['KeyName'] = key_name
+        if security_group_ids:
+            l = []
+            for group in security_group_ids:
+                if isinstance(group, SecurityGroup):
+                    l.append(group.id)
+                else:
+                    l.append(group)
+            self.build_list_params(params, l, 'SecurityGroupId')
+        if security_groups:
+            l = []
+            for group in security_groups:
+                if isinstance(group, SecurityGroup):
+                    l.append(group.name)
+                else:
+                    l.append(group)
+            self.build_list_params(params, l, 'SecurityGroup')
+        if user_data:
+            params['UserData'] = base64.b64encode(user_data)
+        if addressing_type:
+            params['AddressingType'] = addressing_type
+        if instance_type:
+            params['InstanceType'] = instance_type
+        if placement:
+            params['Placement.AvailabilityZone'] = placement
+        if placement_group:
+            params['Placement.GroupName'] = placement_group
+        if tenancy:
+            params['Placement.Tenancy'] = tenancy
+        if kernel_id:
+            params['KernelId'] = kernel_id
+        if ramdisk_id:
+            params['RamdiskId'] = ramdisk_id
+        if monitoring_enabled:
+            params['Monitoring.Enabled'] = 'true'
+        if subnet_id:
+            params['SubnetId'] = subnet_id
+        if private_ip_address:
+            params['PrivateIpAddress'] = private_ip_address
+        if block_device_map:
+            block_device_map.build_list_params(params)
+        if disable_api_termination:
+            params['DisableApiTermination'] = 'true'
+        if instance_initiated_shutdown_behavior:
+            val = instance_initiated_shutdown_behavior
+            params['InstanceInitiatedShutdownBehavior'] = val
+        if client_token:
+            params['ClientToken'] = client_token
+        if additional_info:
+            params['AdditionalInfo'] = additional_info
+        if instance_profile_name:
+            params['IamInstanceProfile.Name'] = instance_profile_name
+        if instance_profile_arn:
+            params['IamInstanceProfile.Arn'] = instance_profile_arn
+        if ebs_optimized:
+            params['EbsOptimized'] = 'true'
+        if network_interfaces:
+            network_interfaces.build_list_params(params)
+        return self.get_object('RunInstances', params, Reservation,
+                               verb='POST')
+
+    def terminate_instances(self, instance_ids=None):
+        """
+        Terminate the instances specified
+
+        :type instance_ids: list
+        :param instance_ids: A list of strings of the Instance IDs to terminate
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of the instances terminated
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if instance_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, instance_ids, 'InstanceId')
+        return self.get_list('TerminateInstances', params,
+                             [('item', Instance)], verb='POST')
+
+    def stop_instances(self, instance_ids=None, force=False):
+        """
+        Stop the instances specified
+
+        :type instance_ids: list
+        :param instance_ids: A list of strings of the Instance IDs to stop
+
+        :type force: bool
+        :param force: Forces the instance to stop
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of the instances stopped
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if force:
+            params['Force'] = 'true'
+        if instance_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, instance_ids, 'InstanceId')
+        return self.get_list('StopInstances', params,
+                             [('item', Instance)], verb='POST')
+
+    def start_instances(self, instance_ids=None):
+        """
+        Start the instances specified
+
+        :type instance_ids: list
+        :param instance_ids: A list of strings of the Instance IDs to start
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of the instances started
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if instance_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, instance_ids, 'InstanceId')
+        return self.get_list('StartInstances', params,
+                             [('item', Instance)], verb='POST')
+
+    def get_console_output(self, instance_id):
+        """
+        Retrieves the console output for the specified instance.
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: The instance ID of a running instance on the cloud.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.instance.ConsoleOutput`
+        :return: The console output as a ConsoleOutput object
+        """
+        params = {}
+        self.build_list_params(params, [instance_id], 'InstanceId')
+        return self.get_object('GetConsoleOutput', params,
+                               ConsoleOutput, verb='POST')
+
+    def reboot_instances(self, instance_ids=None):
+        """
+        Reboot the specified instances.
+
+        :type instance_ids: list
+        :param instance_ids: The instances to terminate and reboot
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if instance_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, instance_ids, 'InstanceId')
+        return self.get_status('RebootInstances', params)
+
+    def confirm_product_instance(self, product_code, instance_id):
+        params = {'ProductCode': product_code,
+                  'InstanceId': instance_id}
+        rs = self.get_object('ConfirmProductInstance', params,
+                             ResultSet, verb='POST')
+        return (rs.status, rs.ownerId)
+
+    # InstanceAttribute methods
+
+    def get_instance_attribute(self, instance_id, attribute):
+        """
+        Gets an attribute from an instance.
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: The Amazon id of the instance
+
+        :type attribute: string
+        :param attribute: The attribute you need information about
+            Valid choices are:
+
+            * instanceType
+            * kernel
+            * ramdisk
+            * userData
+            * disableApiTermination
+            * instanceInitiatedShutdownBehavior
+            * rootDeviceName
+            * blockDeviceMapping
+            * productCodes
+            * sourceDestCheck
+            * groupSet
+            * ebsOptimized
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.image.InstanceAttribute`
+        :return: An InstanceAttribute object representing the value of the
+                 attribute requested
+        """
+        params = {'InstanceId': instance_id}
+        if attribute:
+            params['Attribute'] = attribute
+        return self.get_object('DescribeInstanceAttribute', params,
+                               InstanceAttribute, verb='POST')
+
+    def modify_instance_attribute(self, instance_id, attribute, value):
+        """
+        Changes an attribute of an instance
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: The instance id you wish to change
+
+        :type attribute: string
+        :param attribute: The attribute you wish to change.
+
+            * instanceType - A valid instance type (m1.small)
+            * kernel - Kernel ID (None)
+            * ramdisk - Ramdisk ID (None)
+            * userData - Base64 encoded String (None)
+            * disableApiTermination - Boolean (true)
+            * instanceInitiatedShutdownBehavior - stop|terminate
+            * blockDeviceMapping - List of strings - ie: ['/dev/sda=false']
+            * sourceDestCheck - Boolean (true)
+            * groupSet - Set of Security Groups or IDs
+            * ebsOptimized - Boolean (false)
+
+        :type value: string
+        :param value: The new value for the attribute
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: Whether the operation succeeded or not
+        """
+        # Allow a bool to be passed in for value of disableApiTermination
+        bool_reqs = ('disableapitermination',
+                     'sourcedestcheck',
+                     'ebsoptimized')
+        if attribute.lower() in bool_reqs:
+            if isinstance(value, bool):
+                if value:
+                    value = 'true'
+                else:
+                    value = 'false'
+
+        params = {'InstanceId': instance_id}
+
+        # groupSet is handled differently from other arguments
+        if attribute.lower() == 'groupset':
+            for idx, sg in enumerate(value):
+                if isinstance(sg, SecurityGroup):
+                    sg = sg.id
+                params['GroupId.%s' % (idx + 1)] = sg
+        elif attribute.lower() == 'blockdevicemapping':
+            for idx, kv in enumerate(value):
+                dev_name, _, flag = kv.partition('=')
+                pre = 'BlockDeviceMapping.%d' % (idx + 1)
+                params['%s.DeviceName' % pre] = dev_name
+                params['%s.Ebs.DeleteOnTermination' % pre] = flag or 'true'
+        else:
+            # for backwards compatibility handle lowercase first letter
+            attribute = attribute[0].upper() + attribute[1:]
+            params['%s.Value' % attribute] = value
+
+        return self.get_status('ModifyInstanceAttribute', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def reset_instance_attribute(self, instance_id, attribute):
+        """
+        Resets an attribute of an instance to its default value.
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: ID of the instance
+
+        :type attribute: string
+        :param attribute: The attribute to reset. Valid values are:
+                          kernel|ramdisk
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: Whether the operation succeeded or not
+        """
+        params = {'InstanceId': instance_id,
+                  'Attribute': attribute}
+        return self.get_status('ResetInstanceAttribute', params, verb='POST')
+
+    # Spot Instances
+
+    def get_all_spot_instance_requests(self, request_ids=None,
+                                       filters=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve all the spot instances requests associated with your account.
+
+        :type request_ids: list
+        :param request_ids: A list of strings of spot instance request IDs
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit the
+            results returned.  Filters are provided in the form of a
+            dictionary consisting of filter names as the key and
+            filter values as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+            names/values is dependent on the request being performed.
+            Check the EC2 API guide for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of
+                 :class:`boto.ec2.spotinstancerequest.SpotInstanceRequest`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if request_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, request_ids, 'SpotInstanceRequestId')
+        if filters:
+            if 'launch.group-id' in filters:
+                lgid = filters.get('launch.group-id')
+                if not lgid.startswith('sg-') or len(lgid) != 11:
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        "The 'launch.group-id' filter now requires a security "
+                        "group id (sg-*) and no longer supports filtering by "
+                        "group name. Please update your filters accordingly.",
+                        UserWarning)
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeSpotInstanceRequests', params,
+                             [('item', SpotInstanceRequest)], verb='POST')
+
+    def get_spot_price_history(self, start_time=None, end_time=None,
+                               instance_type=None, product_description=None,
+                               availability_zone=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve the recent history of spot instances pricing.
+
+        :type start_time: str
+        :param start_time: An indication of how far back to provide price
+            changes for. An ISO8601 DateTime string.
+
+        :type end_time: str
+        :param end_time: An indication of how far forward to provide price
+            changes for.  An ISO8601 DateTime string.
+
+        :type instance_type: str
+        :param instance_type: Filter responses to a particular instance type.
+
+        :type product_description: str
+        :param product_description: Filter responses to a particular platform.
+            Valid values are currently:
+
+            * Linux/UNIX
+            * SUSE Linux
+            * Windows
+            * Linux/UNIX (Amazon VPC)
+            * SUSE Linux (Amazon VPC)
+            * Windows (Amazon VPC)
+
+        :type availability_zone: str
+        :param availability_zone: The availability zone for which prices
+            should be returned.  If not specified, data for all
+            availability zones will be returned.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list tuples containing price and timestamp.
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if start_time:
+            params['StartTime'] = start_time
+        if end_time:
+            params['EndTime'] = end_time
+        if instance_type:
+            params['InstanceType'] = instance_type
+        if product_description:
+            params['ProductDescription'] = product_description
+        if availability_zone:
+            params['AvailabilityZone'] = availability_zone
+        return self.get_list('DescribeSpotPriceHistory', params,
+                             [('item', SpotPriceHistory)], verb='POST')
+
+    def request_spot_instances(self, price, image_id, count=1, type='one-time',
+                               valid_from=None, valid_until=None,
+                               launch_group=None, availability_zone_group=None,
+                               key_name=None, security_groups=None,
+                               user_data=None, addressing_type=None,
+                               instance_type='m1.small', placement=None,
+                               kernel_id=None, ramdisk_id=None,
+                               monitoring_enabled=False, subnet_id=None,
+                               placement_group=None,
+                               block_device_map=None,
+                               instance_profile_arn=None,
+                               instance_profile_name=None,
+                               security_group_ids=None,
+                               ebs_optimized=False,
+                               network_interfaces=None):
+        """
+        Request instances on the spot market at a particular price.
+
+        :type price: str
+        :param price: The maximum price of your bid
+
+        :type image_id: string
+        :param image_id: The ID of the image to run
+
+        :type count: int
+        :param count: The of instances to requested
+
+        :type type: str
+        :param type: Type of request. Can be 'one-time' or 'persistent'.
+                     Default is one-time.
+
+        :type valid_from: str
+        :param valid_from: Start date of the request. An ISO8601 time string.
+
+        :type valid_until: str
+        :param valid_until: End date of the request.  An ISO8601 time string.
+
+        :type launch_group: str
+        :param launch_group: If supplied, all requests will be fulfilled
+            as a group.
+
+        :type availability_zone_group: str
+        :param availability_zone_group: If supplied, all requests will be
+            fulfilled within a single availability zone.
+
+        :type key_name: string
+        :param key_name: The name of the key pair with which to
+            launch instances
+
+        :type security_groups: list of strings
+        :param security_groups: The names of the security groups with which to
+            associate instances
+
+        :type user_data: string
+        :param user_data: The user data passed to the launched instances
+
+        :type instance_type: string
+        :param instance_type: The type of instance to run:
+
+            * m1.small
+            * m1.large
+            * m1.xlarge
+            * c1.medium
+            * c1.xlarge
+            * m2.xlarge
+            * m2.2xlarge
+            * m2.4xlarge
+            * cc1.4xlarge
+            * t1.micro
+
+        :type placement: string
+        :param placement: The availability zone in which to launch
+            the instances
+
+        :type kernel_id: string
+        :param kernel_id: The ID of the kernel with which to launch the
+            instances
+
+        :type ramdisk_id: string
+        :param ramdisk_id: The ID of the RAM disk with which to launch the
+            instances
+
+        :type monitoring_enabled: bool
+        :param monitoring_enabled: Enable CloudWatch monitoring on
+            the instance.
+
+        :type subnet_id: string
+        :param subnet_id: The subnet ID within which to launch the instances
+            for VPC.
+
+        :type placement_group: string
+        :param placement_group: If specified, this is the name of the placement
+            group in which the instance(s) will be launched.
+
+        :type block_device_map: :class:`boto.ec2.blockdevicemapping.BlockDeviceMapping`
+        :param block_device_map: A BlockDeviceMapping data structure
+            describing the EBS volumes associated with the Image.
+
+        :type security_group_ids: list of strings
+        :param security_group_ids: The ID of the VPC security groups with
+            which to associate instances.
+
+        :type instance_profile_arn: string
+        :param instance_profile_arn: The Amazon resource name (ARN) of
+            the IAM Instance Profile (IIP) to associate with the instances.
+
+        :type instance_profile_name: string
+        :param instance_profile_name: The name of
+            the IAM Instance Profile (IIP) to associate with the instances.
+
+        :type ebs_optimized: bool
+        :param ebs_optimized: Whether the instance is optimized for
+            EBS I/O.  This optimization provides dedicated throughput
+            to Amazon EBS and an optimized configuration stack to
+            provide optimal EBS I/O performance.  This optimization
+            isn't available with all instance types.
+
+        :type network_interfaces: list
+        :param network_interfaces: A list of
+            :class:`boto.ec2.networkinterface.NetworkInterfaceSpecification`
+
+        :rtype: Reservation
+        :return: The :class:`boto.ec2.spotinstancerequest.SpotInstanceRequest`
+                 associated with the request for machines
+        """
+        ls = 'LaunchSpecification'
+        params = {'%s.ImageId' % ls: image_id,
+                  'Type': type,
+                  'SpotPrice': price}
+        if count:
+            params['InstanceCount'] = count
+        if valid_from:
+            params['ValidFrom'] = valid_from
+        if valid_until:
+            params['ValidUntil'] = valid_until
+        if launch_group:
+            params['LaunchGroup'] = launch_group
+        if availability_zone_group:
+            params['AvailabilityZoneGroup'] = availability_zone_group
+        if key_name:
+            params['%s.KeyName' % ls] = key_name
+        if security_group_ids:
+            l = []
+            for group in security_group_ids:
+                if isinstance(group, SecurityGroup):
+                    l.append(group.id)
+                else:
+                    l.append(group)
+            self.build_list_params(params, l,
+                                   '%s.SecurityGroupId' % ls)
+        if security_groups:
+            l = []
+            for group in security_groups:
+                if isinstance(group, SecurityGroup):
+                    l.append(group.name)
+                else:
+                    l.append(group)
+            self.build_list_params(params, l, '%s.SecurityGroup' % ls)
+        if user_data:
+            params['%s.UserData' % ls] = base64.b64encode(user_data)
+        if addressing_type:
+            params['%s.AddressingType' % ls] = addressing_type
+        if instance_type:
+            params['%s.InstanceType' % ls] = instance_type
+        if placement:
+            params['%s.Placement.AvailabilityZone' % ls] = placement
+        if kernel_id:
+            params['%s.KernelId' % ls] = kernel_id
+        if ramdisk_id:
+            params['%s.RamdiskId' % ls] = ramdisk_id
+        if monitoring_enabled:
+            params['%s.Monitoring.Enabled' % ls] = 'true'
+        if subnet_id:
+            params['%s.SubnetId' % ls] = subnet_id
+        if placement_group:
+            params['%s.Placement.GroupName' % ls] = placement_group
+        if block_device_map:
+            block_device_map.build_list_params(params, '%s.' % ls)
+        if instance_profile_name:
+            params['%s.IamInstanceProfile.Name' % ls] = instance_profile_name
+        if instance_profile_arn:
+            params['%s.IamInstanceProfile.Arn' % ls] = instance_profile_arn
+        if ebs_optimized:
+            params['%s.EbsOptimized' % ls] = 'true'
+        if network_interfaces:
+            network_interfaces.build_list_params(params, prefix=ls + '.')
+        return self.get_list('RequestSpotInstances', params,
+                             [('item', SpotInstanceRequest)],
+                             verb='POST')
+
+    def cancel_spot_instance_requests(self, request_ids):
+        """
+        Cancel the specified Spot Instance Requests.
+
+        :type request_ids: list
+        :param request_ids: A list of strings of the Request IDs to terminate
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of the instances terminated
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if request_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, request_ids, 'SpotInstanceRequestId')
+        return self.get_list('CancelSpotInstanceRequests', params,
+                             [('item', Instance)], verb='POST')
+
+    def get_spot_datafeed_subscription(self):
+        """
+        Return the current spot instance data feed subscription
+        associated with this account, if any.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.spotdatafeedsubscription.SpotDatafeedSubscription`
+        :return: The datafeed subscription object or None
+        """
+        return self.get_object('DescribeSpotDatafeedSubscription',
+                               None, SpotDatafeedSubscription, verb='POST')
+
+    def create_spot_datafeed_subscription(self, bucket, prefix):
+        """
+        Create a spot instance datafeed subscription for this account.
+
+        :type bucket: str or unicode
+        :param bucket: The name of the bucket where spot instance data
+                       will be written.  The account issuing this request
+                       must have FULL_CONTROL access to the bucket
+                       specified in the request.
+
+        :type prefix: str or unicode
+        :param prefix: An optional prefix that will be pre-pended to all
+                       data files written to the bucket.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.spotdatafeedsubscription.SpotDatafeedSubscription`
+        :return: The datafeed subscription object or None
+        """
+        params = {'Bucket': bucket}
+        if prefix:
+            params['Prefix'] = prefix
+        return self.get_object('CreateSpotDatafeedSubscription',
+                               params, SpotDatafeedSubscription, verb='POST')
+
+    def delete_spot_datafeed_subscription(self):
+        """
+        Delete the current spot instance data feed subscription
+        associated with this account
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        return self.get_status('DeleteSpotDatafeedSubscription',
+                               None, verb='POST')
+
+    # Zone methods
+
+    def get_all_zones(self, zones=None, filters=None):
+        """
+        Get all Availability Zones associated with the current region.
+
+        :type zones: list
+        :param zones: Optional list of zones.  If this list is present,
+                      only the Zones associated with these zone names
+                      will be returned.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :rtype: list of :class:`boto.ec2.zone.Zone`
+        :return: The requested Zone objects
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if zones:
+            self.build_list_params(params, zones, 'ZoneName')
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeAvailabilityZones', params,
+                             [('item', Zone)], verb='POST')
+
+    # Address methods
+
+    def get_all_addresses(self, addresses=None, filters=None, allocation_ids=None):
+        """
+        Get all EIP's associated with the current credentials.
+
+        :type addresses: list
+        :param addresses: Optional list of addresses.  If this list is present,
+                           only the Addresses associated with these addresses
+                           will be returned.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :type allocation_ids: list
+        :param allocation_ids: Optional list of allocation IDs.  If this list is
+                           present, only the Addresses associated with the given
+                           allocation IDs will be returned.
+
+        :rtype: list of :class:`boto.ec2.address.Address`
+        :return: The requested Address objects
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if addresses:
+            self.build_list_params(params, addresses, 'PublicIp')
+        if allocation_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, allocation_ids, 'AllocationId')
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeAddresses', params, [('item', Address)], verb='POST')
+
+    def allocate_address(self, domain=None):
+        """
+        Allocate a new Elastic IP address and associate it with your account.
+        
+        :type domain: string
+        :param domain: Optional string. If domain is set to "vpc" the address 
+                        will be allocated to VPC . Will return address 
+                        object with allocation_id.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.address.Address`
+        :return: The newly allocated Address
+        """
+        params = {}
+
+        if domain is not None:
+            params['Domain'] = domain
+
+        return self.get_object('AllocateAddress', params, Address, verb='POST')
+
+    def assign_private_ip_addresses(self, network_interface_id=None,
+                                    private_ip_addresses=None,
+                                    secondary_private_ip_address_count=None,
+                                    allow_reassignment=False):
+        """
+        Assigns one or more secondary private IP addresses to a network
+        interface in Amazon VPC.
+
+        :type network_interface_id: string
+        :param network_interface_id: The network interface to which the IP
+            address will be assigned.
+
+        :type private_ip_addresses: list
+        :param private_ip_addresses: Assigns the specified IP addresses as
+            secondary IP addresses to the network interface.
+
+        :type secondary_private_ip_address_count: int
+        :param secondary_private_ip_address_count: The number of secondary IP
+            addresses to assign to the network interface. You cannot specify
+            this parameter when also specifying private_ip_addresses.
+
+        :type allow_reassignment: bool
+        :param allow_reassignment: Specifies whether to allow an IP address
+            that is already assigned to another network interface or instance
+            to be reassigned to the specified network interface.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {}
+
+        if network_interface_id is not None:
+            params['NetworkInterfaceId'] = network_interface_id
+
+        if private_ip_addresses is not None:
+            self.build_list_params(params, private_ip_addresses,
+                                   'PrivateIpAddress')
+        elif secondary_private_ip_address_count is not None:
+            params['SecondaryPrivateIpAddressCount'] = \
+                secondary_private_ip_address_count
+
+        if allow_reassignment:
+            params['AllowReassignment'] = 'true'
+
+        return self.get_status('AssignPrivateIpAddresses', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def associate_address(self, instance_id=None, public_ip=None,
+                          allocation_id=None, network_interface_id=None,
+                          private_ip_address=None, allow_reassociation=False):
+        """
+        Associate an Elastic IP address with a currently running instance.
+        This requires one of ``public_ip`` or ``allocation_id`` depending
+        on if you're associating a VPC address or a plain EC2 address.
+
+        When using an Allocation ID, make sure to pass ``None`` for ``public_ip``
+        as EC2 expects a single parameter and if ``public_ip`` is passed boto
+        will preference that instead of ``allocation_id``.
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: The ID of the instance
+
+        :type public_ip: string
+        :param public_ip: The public IP address for EC2 based allocations.
+
+        :type allocation_id: string
+        :param allocation_id: The allocation ID for a VPC-based elastic IP.
+
+        :type network_interface_id: string
+        :param network_interface_id: The network interface ID to which
+            elastic IP is to be assigned to
+
+        :type private_ip_address: string
+        :param private_ip_address: The primary or secondary private IP address
+            to associate with the Elastic IP address.
+
+        :type allow_reassociation: bool
+        :param allow_reassociation: Specify this option to allow an Elastic IP
+            address that is already associated with another network interface
+            or instance to be re-associated with the specified instance or
+            interface.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if instance_id is not None:
+                params['InstanceId'] = instance_id
+        elif network_interface_id is not None:
+                params['NetworkInterfaceId'] = network_interface_id
+
+        if public_ip is not None:
+            params['PublicIp'] = public_ip
+        elif allocation_id is not None:
+            params['AllocationId'] = allocation_id
+
+        if private_ip_address is not None:
+            params['PrivateIpAddress'] = private_ip_address
+
+        if allow_reassociation:
+            params['AllowReassociation'] = 'true'
+
+        return self.get_status('AssociateAddress', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def disassociate_address(self, public_ip=None, association_id=None):
+        """
+        Disassociate an Elastic IP address from a currently running instance.
+
+        :type public_ip: string
+        :param public_ip: The public IP address for EC2 elastic IPs.
+
+        :type association_id: string
+        :param association_id: The association ID for a VPC based elastic ip.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {}
+
+        if public_ip is not None:
+            params['PublicIp'] = public_ip
+        elif association_id is not None:
+            params['AssociationId'] = association_id
+
+        return self.get_status('DisassociateAddress', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def release_address(self, public_ip=None, allocation_id=None):
+        """
+        Free up an Elastic IP address.  Pass a public IP address to
+        release an EC2 Elastic IP address and an AllocationId to
+        release a VPC Elastic IP address.  You should only pass
+        one value.
+
+        This requires one of ``public_ip`` or ``allocation_id`` depending
+        on if you're associating a VPC address or a plain EC2 address.
+
+        When using an Allocation ID, make sure to pass ``None`` for ``public_ip``
+        as EC2 expects a single parameter and if ``public_ip`` is passed boto
+        will preference that instead of ``allocation_id``.
+
+        :type public_ip: string
+        :param public_ip: The public IP address for EC2 elastic IPs.
+
+        :type allocation_id: string
+        :param allocation_id: The Allocation ID for VPC elastic IPs.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {}
+
+        if public_ip is not None:
+            params['PublicIp'] = public_ip
+        elif allocation_id is not None:
+            params['AllocationId'] = allocation_id
+
+        return self.get_status('ReleaseAddress', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def unassign_private_ip_addresses(self, network_interface_id=None,
+                                      private_ip_addresses=None):
+        """
+        Unassigns one or more secondary private IP addresses from a network
+        interface in Amazon VPC.
+
+        :type network_interface_id: string
+        :param network_interface_id: The network interface from which the
+            secondary private IP address will be unassigned.
+
+        :type private_ip_addresses: list
+        :param private_ip_addresses: Specifies the secondary private IP
+            addresses that you want to unassign from the network interface.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {}
+
+        if network_interface_id is not None:
+            params['NetworkInterfaceId'] = network_interface_id
+
+        if private_ip_addresses is not None:
+            self.build_list_params(params, private_ip_addresses,
+                                   'PrivateIpAddress')
+
+        return self.get_status('UnassignPrivateIpAddresses', params,
+                               verb='POST')
+
+    # Volume methods
+
+    def get_all_volumes(self, volume_ids=None, filters=None):
+        """
+        Get all Volumes associated with the current credentials.
+
+        :type volume_ids: list
+        :param volume_ids: Optional list of volume ids.  If this list
+                           is present, only the volumes associated with
+                           these volume ids will be returned.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :rtype: list of :class:`boto.ec2.volume.Volume`
+        :return: The requested Volume objects
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if volume_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, volume_ids, 'VolumeId')
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeVolumes', params,
+                             [('item', Volume)], verb='POST')
+
+    def get_all_volume_status(self, volume_ids=None,
+                              max_results=None, next_token=None,
+                              filters=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve the status of one or more volumes.
+
+        :type volume_ids: list
+        :param volume_ids: A list of strings of volume IDs
+
+        :type max_results: int
+        :param max_results: The maximum number of paginated instance
+            items per response.
+
+        :type next_token: str
+        :param next_token: A string specifying the next paginated set
+            of results to return.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+            the results returned.  Filters are provided
+            in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+            filter names as the key and filter values
+            as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+            names/values is dependent on the request
+            being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+            for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of volume status.
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if volume_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, volume_ids, 'VolumeId')
+        if max_results:
+            params['MaxResults'] = max_results
+        if next_token:
+            params['NextToken'] = next_token
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_object('DescribeVolumeStatus', params,
+                               VolumeStatusSet, verb='POST')
+
+    def enable_volume_io(self, volume_id):
+        """
+        Enables I/O operations for a volume that had I/O operations
+        disabled because the data on the volume was potentially inconsistent.
+
+        :type volume_id: str
+        :param volume_id: The ID of the volume.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {'VolumeId': volume_id}
+        return self.get_status('EnableVolumeIO', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def get_volume_attribute(self, volume_id,
+                             attribute='autoEnableIO'):
+        """
+        Describes attribute of the volume.
+
+        :type volume_id: str
+        :param volume_id: The ID of the volume.
+
+        :type attribute: str
+        :param attribute: The requested attribute.  Valid values are:
+
+            * autoEnableIO
+
+        :rtype: list of :class:`boto.ec2.volume.VolumeAttribute`
+        :return: The requested Volume attribute
+        """
+        params = {'VolumeId': volume_id, 'Attribute': attribute}
+        return self.get_object('DescribeVolumeAttribute', params,
+                               VolumeAttribute, verb='POST')
+
+    def modify_volume_attribute(self, volume_id, attribute, new_value):
+        """
+        Changes an attribute of an Volume.
+
+        :type volume_id: string
+        :param volume_id: The volume id you wish to change
+
+        :type attribute: string
+        :param attribute: The attribute you wish to change.  Valid values are:
+            AutoEnableIO.
+
+        :type new_value: string
+        :param new_value: The new value of the attribute.
+        """
+        params = {'VolumeId': volume_id}
+        if attribute == 'AutoEnableIO':
+            params['AutoEnableIO.Value'] = new_value
+        return self.get_status('ModifyVolumeAttribute', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def create_volume(self, size, zone, snapshot=None,
+                      volume_type=None, iops=None):
+        """
+        Create a new EBS Volume.
+
+        :type size: int
+        :param size: The size of the new volume, in GiB
+
+        :type zone: string or :class:`boto.ec2.zone.Zone`
+        :param zone: The availability zone in which the Volume will be created.
+
+        :type snapshot: string or :class:`boto.ec2.snapshot.Snapshot`
+        :param snapshot: The snapshot from which the new Volume will be
+            created.
+
+        :type volume_type: string
+        :param volume_type: The type of the volume. (optional).  Valid
+            values are: standard | io1.
+
+        :type iops: int
+        :param iops: The provisioned IOPs you want to associate with
+            this volume. (optional)
+        """
+        if isinstance(zone, Zone):
+            zone = zone.name
+        params = {'AvailabilityZone': zone}
+        if size:
+            params['Size'] = size
+        if snapshot:
+            if isinstance(snapshot, Snapshot):
+                snapshot = snapshot.id
+            params['SnapshotId'] = snapshot
+        if volume_type:
+            params['VolumeType'] = volume_type
+        if iops:
+            params['Iops'] = str(iops)
+        return self.get_object('CreateVolume', params, Volume, verb='POST')
+
+    def delete_volume(self, volume_id):
+        """
+        Delete an EBS volume.
+
+        :type volume_id: str
+        :param volume_id: The ID of the volume to be delete.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {'VolumeId': volume_id}
+        return self.get_status('DeleteVolume', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def attach_volume(self, volume_id, instance_id, device):
+        """
+        Attach an EBS volume to an EC2 instance.
+
+        :type volume_id: str
+        :param volume_id: The ID of the EBS volume to be attached.
+
+        :type instance_id: str
+        :param instance_id: The ID of the EC2 instance to which it will
+                            be attached.
+
+        :type device: str
+        :param device: The device on the instance through which the
+                       volume will be exposted (e.g. /dev/sdh)
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {'InstanceId': instance_id,
+                  'VolumeId': volume_id,
+                  'Device': device}
+        return self.get_status('AttachVolume', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def detach_volume(self, volume_id, instance_id=None,
+                      device=None, force=False):
+        """
+        Detach an EBS volume from an EC2 instance.
+
+        :type volume_id: str
+        :param volume_id: The ID of the EBS volume to be attached.
+
+        :type instance_id: str
+        :param instance_id: The ID of the EC2 instance from which it will
+            be detached.
+
+        :type device: str
+        :param device: The device on the instance through which the
+            volume is exposted (e.g. /dev/sdh)
+
+        :type force: bool
+        :param force: Forces detachment if the previous detachment
+            attempt did not occur cleanly.  This option can lead to
+            data loss or a corrupted file system. Use this option only
+            as a last resort to detach a volume from a failed
+            instance. The instance will not have an opportunity to
+            flush file system caches nor file system meta data. If you
+            use this option, you must perform file system check and
+            repair procedures.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {'VolumeId': volume_id}
+        if instance_id:
+            params['InstanceId'] = instance_id
+        if device:
+            params['Device'] = device
+        if force:
+            params['Force'] = 'true'
+        return self.get_status('DetachVolume', params, verb='POST')
+
+    # Snapshot methods
+
+    def get_all_snapshots(self, snapshot_ids=None,
+                          owner=None, restorable_by=None,
+                          filters=None):
+        """
+        Get all EBS Snapshots associated with the current credentials.
+
+        :type snapshot_ids: list
+        :param snapshot_ids: Optional list of snapshot ids.  If this list is
+                             present, only the Snapshots associated with
+                             these snapshot ids will be returned.
+
+        :type owner: str
+        :param owner: If present, only the snapshots owned by the specified user
+                      will be returned.  Valid values are:
+
+                      * self
+                      * amazon
+                      * AWS Account ID
+
+        :type restorable_by: str
+        :param restorable_by: If present, only the snapshots that are restorable
+                              by the specified account id will be returned.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :rtype: list of :class:`boto.ec2.snapshot.Snapshot`
+        :return: The requested Snapshot objects
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if snapshot_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, snapshot_ids, 'SnapshotId')
+        if owner:
+            params['Owner'] = owner
+        if restorable_by:
+            params['RestorableBy'] = restorable_by
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeSnapshots', params,
+                             [('item', Snapshot)], verb='POST')
+
+    def create_snapshot(self, volume_id, description=None):
+        """
+        Create a snapshot of an existing EBS Volume.
+
+        :type volume_id: str
+        :param volume_id: The ID of the volume to be snapshot'ed
+
+        :type description: str
+        :param description: A description of the snapshot.
+                            Limited to 255 characters.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.snapshot.Snapshot`
+        :return: The created Snapshot object
+        """
+        params = {'VolumeId': volume_id}
+        if description:
+            params['Description'] = description[0:255]
+        snapshot = self.get_object('CreateSnapshot', params,
+                                   Snapshot, verb='POST')
+        volume = self.get_all_volumes([volume_id])[0]
+        volume_name = volume.tags.get('Name')
+        if volume_name:
+            snapshot.add_tag('Name', volume_name)
+        return snapshot
+
+    def delete_snapshot(self, snapshot_id):
+        params = {'SnapshotId': snapshot_id}
+        return self.get_status('DeleteSnapshot', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def copy_snapshot(self, source_region, source_snapshot_id,
+                      description=None):
+        """
+        Copies a point-in-time snapshot of an Amazon Elastic Block Store
+        (Amazon EBS) volume and stores it in Amazon Simple Storage Service
+        (Amazon S3). You can copy the snapshot within the same region or from
+        one region to another. You can use the snapshot to create new Amazon
+        EBS volumes or Amazon Machine Images (AMIs).
+
+
+        :type source_region: str
+        :param source_region: The ID of the AWS region that contains the
+            snapshot to be copied (e.g 'us-east-1', 'us-west-2', etc.).
+
+        :type source_snapshot_id: str
+        :param source_snapshot_id: The ID of the Amazon EBS snapshot to copy
+
+        :type description: str
+        :param description: A description of the new Amazon EBS snapshot.
+
+        :rtype: str
+        :return: The snapshot ID
+
+        """
+        params = {
+            'SourceRegion': source_region,
+            'SourceSnapshotId': source_snapshot_id,
+        }
+        if description is not None:
+            params['Description'] = description
+        snapshot = self.get_object('CopySnapshot', params, Snapshot,
+                                   verb='POST')
+        return snapshot.id
+
+    def trim_snapshots(self, hourly_backups=8, daily_backups=7,
+                       weekly_backups=4):
+        """
+        Trim excess snapshots, based on when they were taken. More current
+        snapshots are retained, with the number retained decreasing as you
+        move back in time.
+
+        If ebs volumes have a 'Name' tag with a value, their snapshots
+        will be assigned the same tag when they are created. The values
+        of the 'Name' tags for snapshots are used by this function to
+        group snapshots taken from the same volume (or from a series
+        of like-named volumes over time) for trimming.
+
+        For every group of like-named snapshots, this function retains
+        the newest and oldest snapshots, as well as, by default,  the
+        first snapshots taken in each of the last eight hours, the first
+        snapshots taken in each of the last seven days, the first snapshots
+        taken in the last 4 weeks (counting Midnight Sunday morning as
+        the start of the week), and the first snapshot from the first
+        Sunday of each month forever.
+
+        :type hourly_backups: int
+        :param hourly_backups: How many recent hourly backups should be saved.
+
+        :type daily_backups: int
+        :param daily_backups: How many recent daily backups should be saved.
+
+        :type weekly_backups: int
+        :param weekly_backups: How many recent weekly backups should be saved.
+        """
+
+        # This function first builds up an ordered list of target times
+        # that snapshots should be saved for (last 8 hours, last 7 days, etc.).
+        # Then a map of snapshots is constructed, with the keys being
+        # the snapshot / volume names and the values being arrays of
+        # chronologically sorted snapshots.
+        # Finally, for each array in the map, we go through the snapshot
+        # array and the target time array in an interleaved fashion,
+        # deleting snapshots whose start_times don't immediately follow a
+        # target time (we delete a snapshot if there's another snapshot
+        # that was made closer to the preceding target time).
+
+        now = datetime.utcnow()
+        last_hour = datetime(now.year, now.month, now.day, now.hour)
+        last_midnight = datetime(now.year, now.month, now.day)
+        last_sunday = datetime(now.year, now.month, now.day) - timedelta(days = (now.weekday() + 1) % 7)
+        start_of_month = datetime(now.year, now.month, 1)
+
+        target_backup_times = []
+
+        # there are no snapshots older than 1/1/2007
+        oldest_snapshot_date = datetime(2007, 1, 1)
+
+        for hour in range(0, hourly_backups):
+            target_backup_times.append(last_hour - timedelta(hours = hour))
+
+        for day in range(0, daily_backups):
+            target_backup_times.append(last_midnight - timedelta(days = day))
+
+        for week in range(0, weekly_backups):
+            target_backup_times.append(last_sunday - timedelta(weeks = week))
+
+        one_day = timedelta(days = 1)
+        while start_of_month > oldest_snapshot_date:
+            # append the start of the month to the list of
+            # snapshot dates to save:
+            target_backup_times.append(start_of_month)
+            # there's no timedelta setting for one month, so instead:
+            # decrement the day by one, so we go to the final day of
+            # the previous month...
+            start_of_month -= one_day
+            # ... and then go to the first day of that previous month:
+            start_of_month = datetime(start_of_month.year,
+                                      start_of_month.month, 1)
+
+        temp = []
+
+        for t in target_backup_times:
+            if temp.__contains__(t) == False:
+                temp.append(t)
+
+        # sort to make the oldest dates first, and make sure the month start
+        # and last four week's start are in the proper order
+        target_backup_times = sorted(temp)
+
+        # get all the snapshots, sort them by date and time, and
+        # organize them into one array for each volume:
+        all_snapshots = self.get_all_snapshots(owner = 'self')
+        all_snapshots.sort(cmp = lambda x, y: cmp(x.start_time, y.start_time))
+        snaps_for_each_volume = {}
+        for snap in all_snapshots:
+            # the snapshot name and the volume name are the same.
+            # The snapshot name is set from the volume
+            # name at the time the snapshot is taken
+            volume_name = snap.tags.get('Name')
+            if volume_name:
+                # only examine snapshots that have a volume name
+                snaps_for_volume = snaps_for_each_volume.get(volume_name)
+                if not snaps_for_volume:
+                    snaps_for_volume = []
+                    snaps_for_each_volume[volume_name] = snaps_for_volume
+                snaps_for_volume.append(snap)
+
+        # Do a running comparison of snapshot dates to desired time
+        #periods, keeping the oldest snapshot in each
+        # time period and deleting the rest:
+        for volume_name in snaps_for_each_volume:
+            snaps = snaps_for_each_volume[volume_name]
+            snaps = snaps[:-1] # never delete the newest snapshot
+            time_period_number = 0
+            snap_found_for_this_time_period = False
+            for snap in snaps:
+                check_this_snap = True
+                while check_this_snap and time_period_number < target_backup_times.__len__():
+                    snap_date = datetime.strptime(snap.start_time,
+                                                  '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.000Z')
+                    if snap_date < target_backup_times[time_period_number]:
+                        # the snap date is before the cutoff date.
+                        # Figure out if it's the first snap in this
+                        # date range and act accordingly (since both
+                        #date the date ranges and the snapshots
+                        # are sorted chronologically, we know this
+                        #snapshot isn't in an earlier date range):
+                        if snap_found_for_this_time_period == True:
+                            if not snap.tags.get('preserve_snapshot'):
+                                # as long as the snapshot wasn't marked
+                                # with the 'preserve_snapshot' tag, delete it:
+                                try:
+                                    self.delete_snapshot(snap.id)
+                                    boto.log.info('Trimmed snapshot %s (%s)' % (snap.tags['Name'], snap.start_time))
+                                except EC2ResponseError:
+                                    boto.log.error('Attempt to trim snapshot %s (%s) failed. Possible result of a race condition with trimming on another server?' % (snap.tags['Name'], snap.start_time))
+                            # go on and look at the next snapshot,
+                            #leaving the time period alone
+                        else:
+                            # this was the first snapshot found for this
+                            #time period. Leave it alone and look at the
+                            # next snapshot:
+                            snap_found_for_this_time_period = True
+                        check_this_snap = False
+                    else:
+                        # the snap is after the cutoff date. Check it
+                        # against the next cutoff date
+                        time_period_number += 1
+                        snap_found_for_this_time_period = False
+
+    def get_snapshot_attribute(self, snapshot_id,
+                               attribute='createVolumePermission'):
+        """
+        Get information about an attribute of a snapshot.  Only one attribute
+        can be specified per call.
+
+        :type snapshot_id: str
+        :param snapshot_id: The ID of the snapshot.
+
+        :type attribute: str
+        :param attribute: The requested attribute.  Valid values are:
+
+                          * createVolumePermission
+
+        :rtype: list of :class:`boto.ec2.snapshotattribute.SnapshotAttribute`
+        :return: The requested Snapshot attribute
+        """
+        params = {'Attribute': attribute}
+        if snapshot_id:
+            params['SnapshotId'] = snapshot_id
+        return self.get_object('DescribeSnapshotAttribute', params,
+                               SnapshotAttribute, verb='POST')
+
+    def modify_snapshot_attribute(self, snapshot_id,
+                                  attribute='createVolumePermission',
+                                  operation='add', user_ids=None, groups=None):
+        """
+        Changes an attribute of an image.
+
+        :type snapshot_id: string
+        :param snapshot_id: The snapshot id you wish to change
+
+        :type attribute: string
+        :param attribute: The attribute you wish to change.  Valid values are:
+            createVolumePermission
+
+        :type operation: string
+        :param operation: Either add or remove (this is required for changing
+            snapshot ermissions)
+
+        :type user_ids: list
+        :param user_ids: The Amazon IDs of users to add/remove attributes
+
+        :type groups: list
+        :param groups: The groups to add/remove attributes.  The only valid
+            value at this time is 'all'.
+
+        """
+        params = {'SnapshotId': snapshot_id,
+                  'Attribute': attribute,
+                  'OperationType': operation}
+        if user_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, user_ids, 'UserId')
+        if groups:
+            self.build_list_params(params, groups, 'UserGroup')
+        return self.get_status('ModifySnapshotAttribute', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def reset_snapshot_attribute(self, snapshot_id,
+                                 attribute='createVolumePermission'):
+        """
+        Resets an attribute of a snapshot to its default value.
+
+        :type snapshot_id: string
+        :param snapshot_id: ID of the snapshot
+
+        :type attribute: string
+        :param attribute: The attribute to reset
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: Whether the operation succeeded or not
+        """
+        params = {'SnapshotId': snapshot_id,
+                  'Attribute': attribute}
+        return self.get_status('ResetSnapshotAttribute', params, verb='POST')
+
+    # Keypair methods
+
+    def get_all_key_pairs(self, keynames=None, filters=None):
+        """
+        Get all key pairs associated with your account.
+
+        :type keynames: list
+        :param keynames: A list of the names of keypairs to retrieve.
+            If not provided, all key pairs will be returned.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit the
+            results returned.  Filters are provided in the form of a
+            dictionary consisting of filter names as the key and
+            filter values as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+            names/values is dependent on the request being performed.
+            Check the EC2 API guide for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.keypair.KeyPair`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if keynames:
+            self.build_list_params(params, keynames, 'KeyName')
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeKeyPairs', params,
+                             [('item', KeyPair)], verb='POST')
+
+    def get_key_pair(self, keyname):
+        """
+        Convenience method to retrieve a specific keypair (KeyPair).
+
+        :type image_id: string
+        :param image_id: the ID of the Image to retrieve
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.keypair.KeyPair`
+        :return: The KeyPair specified or None if it is not found
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.get_all_key_pairs(keynames=[keyname])[0]
+        except self.ResponseError, e:
+            if e.code == 'InvalidKeyPair.NotFound':
+                return None
+            else:
+                raise
+
+    def create_key_pair(self, key_name):
+        """
+        Create a new key pair for your account.
+        This will create the key pair within the region you
+        are currently connected to.
+
+        :type key_name: string
+        :param key_name: The name of the new keypair
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.keypair.KeyPair`
+        :return: The newly created :class:`boto.ec2.keypair.KeyPair`.
+                 The material attribute of the new KeyPair object
+                 will contain the the unencrypted PEM encoded RSA private key.
+        """
+        params = {'KeyName': key_name}
+        return self.get_object('CreateKeyPair', params, KeyPair, verb='POST')
+
+    def delete_key_pair(self, key_name):
+        """
+        Delete a key pair from your account.
+
+        :type key_name: string
+        :param key_name: The name of the keypair to delete
+        """
+        params = {'KeyName': key_name}
+        return self.get_status('DeleteKeyPair', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def import_key_pair(self, key_name, public_key_material):
+        """
+        mports the public key from an RSA key pair that you created
+        with a third-party tool.
+
+        Supported formats:
+
+        * OpenSSH public key format (e.g., the format
+          in ~/.ssh/authorized_keys)
+
+        * Base64 encoded DER format
+
+        * SSH public key file format as specified in RFC4716
+
+        DSA keys are not supported. Make sure your key generator is
+        set up to create RSA keys.
+
+        Supported lengths: 1024, 2048, and 4096.
+
+        :type key_name: string
+        :param key_name: The name of the new keypair
+
+        :type public_key_material: string
+        :param public_key_material: The public key. You must base64 encode
+                                    the public key material before sending
+                                    it to AWS.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.keypair.KeyPair`
+        :return: The newly created :class:`boto.ec2.keypair.KeyPair`.
+                 The material attribute of the new KeyPair object
+                 will contain the the unencrypted PEM encoded RSA private key.
+        """
+        public_key_material = base64.b64encode(public_key_material)
+        params = {'KeyName': key_name,
+                  'PublicKeyMaterial': public_key_material}
+        return self.get_object('ImportKeyPair', params, KeyPair, verb='POST')
+
+    # SecurityGroup methods
+
+    def get_all_security_groups(self, groupnames=None, group_ids=None,
+                                filters=None):
+        """
+        Get all security groups associated with your account in a region.
+
+        :type groupnames: list
+        :param groupnames: A list of the names of security groups to retrieve.
+                           If not provided, all security groups will be
+                           returned.
+
+        :type group_ids: list
+        :param group_ids: A list of IDs of security groups to retrieve for
+                          security groups within a VPC.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.securitygroup.SecurityGroup`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if groupnames is not None:
+            self.build_list_params(params, groupnames, 'GroupName')
+        if group_ids is not None:
+            self.build_list_params(params, group_ids, 'GroupId')
+        if filters is not None:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+
+        return self.get_list('DescribeSecurityGroups', params,
+                             [('item', SecurityGroup)], verb='POST')
+
+    def create_security_group(self, name, description, vpc_id=None):
+        """
+        Create a new security group for your account.
+        This will create the security group within the region you
+        are currently connected to.
+
+        :type name: string
+        :param name: The name of the new security group
+
+        :type description: string
+        :param description: The description of the new security group
+
+        :type vpc_id: string
+        :param vpc_id: The ID of the VPC to create the security group in,
+                       if any.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.securitygroup.SecurityGroup`
+        :return: The newly created :class:`boto.ec2.securitygroup.SecurityGroup`.
+        """
+        params = {'GroupName': name,
+                  'GroupDescription': description}
+
+        if vpc_id is not None:
+            params['VpcId'] = vpc_id
+
+        group = self.get_object('CreateSecurityGroup', params,
+                                SecurityGroup, verb='POST')
+        group.name = name
+        group.description = description
+        if vpc_id is not None:
+            group.vpc_id = vpc_id
+        return group
+
+    def delete_security_group(self, name=None, group_id=None):
+        """
+        Delete a security group from your account.
+
+        :type name: string
+        :param name: The name of the security group to delete.
+
+        :type group_id: string
+        :param group_id: The ID of the security group to delete within
+          a VPC.
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful.
+        """
+        params = {}
+
+        if name is not None:
+            params['GroupName'] = name
+        elif group_id is not None:
+            params['GroupId'] = group_id
+
+        return self.get_status('DeleteSecurityGroup', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def authorize_security_group_deprecated(self, group_name,
+                                            src_security_group_name=None,
+                                            src_security_group_owner_id=None,
+                                            ip_protocol=None,
+                                            from_port=None, to_port=None,
+                                            cidr_ip=None):
+        """
+        NOTE: This method uses the old-style request parameters
+              that did not allow a port to be specified when
+              authorizing a group.
+
+        :type group_name: string
+        :param group_name: The name of the security group you are adding
+            the rule to.
+
+        :type src_security_group_name: string
+        :param src_security_group_name: The name of the security group you are
+            granting access to.
+
+        :type src_security_group_owner_id: string
+        :param src_security_group_owner_id: The ID of the owner of the security
+            group you are granting access to.
+
+        :type ip_protocol: string
+        :param ip_protocol: Either tcp | udp | icmp
+
+        :type from_port: int
+        :param from_port: The beginning port number you are enabling
+
+        :type to_port: int
+        :param to_port: The ending port number you are enabling
+
+        :type to_port: string
+        :param to_port: The CIDR block you are providing access to.
+            See http://goo.gl/Yj5QC
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful.
+        """
+        params = {'GroupName':group_name}
+        if src_security_group_name:
+            params['SourceSecurityGroupName'] = src_security_group_name
+        if src_security_group_owner_id:
+            params['SourceSecurityGroupOwnerId'] = src_security_group_owner_id
+        if ip_protocol:
+            params['IpProtocol'] = ip_protocol
+        if from_port:
+            params['FromPort'] = from_port
+        if to_port:
+            params['ToPort'] = to_port
+        if cidr_ip:
+            params['CidrIp'] = cidr_ip
+        return self.get_status('AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress', params)
+
+    def authorize_security_group(self, group_name=None,
+                                 src_security_group_name=None,
+                                 src_security_group_owner_id=None,
+                                 ip_protocol=None,
+                                 from_port=None, to_port=None,
+                                 cidr_ip=None, group_id=None,
+                                 src_security_group_group_id=None):
+        """
+        Add a new rule to an existing security group.
+        You need to pass in either src_security_group_name and
+        src_security_group_owner_id OR ip_protocol, from_port, to_port,
+        and cidr_ip.  In other words, either you are authorizing another
+        group or you are authorizing some ip-based rule.
+
+        :type group_name: string
+        :param group_name: The name of the security group you are adding
+            the rule to.
+
+        :type src_security_group_name: string
+        :param src_security_group_name: The name of the security group you are
+            granting access to.
+
+        :type src_security_group_owner_id: string
+        :param src_security_group_owner_id: The ID of the owner of the security
+            group you are granting access to.
+
+        :type ip_protocol: string
+        :param ip_protocol: Either tcp | udp | icmp
+
+        :type from_port: int
+        :param from_port: The beginning port number you are enabling
+
+        :type to_port: int
+        :param to_port: The ending port number you are enabling
+
+        :type cidr_ip: string or list of strings
+        :param cidr_ip: The CIDR block you are providing access to.
+            See http://goo.gl/Yj5QC
+
+        :type group_id: string
+        :param group_id: ID of the EC2 or VPC security group to
+            modify.  This is required for VPC security groups and can
+            be used instead of group_name for EC2 security groups.
+
+        :type src_security_group_group_id: string
+        :param src_security_group_group_id: The ID of the security
+            group you are granting access to.  Can be used instead of
+            src_security_group_name
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful.
+        """
+        if src_security_group_name:
+            if from_port is None and to_port is None and ip_protocol is None:
+                return self.authorize_security_group_deprecated(
+                    group_name, src_security_group_name,
+                    src_security_group_owner_id)
+
+        params = {}
+
+        if group_name:
+            params['GroupName'] = group_name
+        if group_id:
+            params['GroupId'] = group_id
+        if src_security_group_name:
+            param_name = 'IpPermissions.1.Groups.1.GroupName'
+            params[param_name] = src_security_group_name
+        if src_security_group_owner_id:
+            param_name = 'IpPermissions.1.Groups.1.UserId'
+            params[param_name] = src_security_group_owner_id
+        if src_security_group_group_id:
+            param_name = 'IpPermissions.1.Groups.1.GroupId'
+            params[param_name] = src_security_group_group_id
+        if ip_protocol:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.IpProtocol'] = ip_protocol
+        if from_port is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.FromPort'] = from_port
+        if to_port is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.ToPort'] = to_port
+        if cidr_ip:
+            if not isinstance(cidr_ip, list):
+                cidr_ip = [cidr_ip]
+            for i, single_cidr_ip in enumerate(cidr_ip):
+                params['IpPermissions.1.IpRanges.%d.CidrIp' % (i+1)] = \
+                    single_cidr_ip
+
+        return self.get_status('AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress',
+                               params, verb='POST')
+
+    def authorize_security_group_egress(self,
+                                        group_id,
+                                        ip_protocol,
+                                        from_port=None,
+                                        to_port=None,
+                                        src_group_id=None,
+                                        cidr_ip=None):
+        """
+        The action adds one or more egress rules to a VPC security
+        group. Specifically, this action permits instances in a
+        security group to send traffic to one or more destination
+        CIDR IP address ranges, or to one or more destination
+        security groups in the same VPC.
+        """
+        params = {
+            'GroupId': group_id,
+            'IpPermissions.1.IpProtocol': ip_protocol
+        }
+
+        if from_port is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.FromPort'] = from_port
+        if to_port is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.ToPort'] = to_port
+        if src_group_id is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.Groups.1.GroupId'] = src_group_id
+        if cidr_ip is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.IpRanges.1.CidrIp'] = cidr_ip
+
+        return self.get_status('AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress',
+                               params, verb='POST')
+
+    def revoke_security_group_deprecated(self, group_name,
+                                         src_security_group_name=None,
+                                         src_security_group_owner_id=None,
+                                         ip_protocol=None,
+                                         from_port=None, to_port=None,
+                                         cidr_ip=None):
+        """
+        NOTE: This method uses the old-style request parameters
+              that did not allow a port to be specified when
+              authorizing a group.
+
+        Remove an existing rule from an existing security group.
+        You need to pass in either src_security_group_name and
+        src_security_group_owner_id OR ip_protocol, from_port, to_port,
+        and cidr_ip.  In other words, either you are revoking another
+        group or you are revoking some ip-based rule.
+
+        :type group_name: string
+        :param group_name: The name of the security group you are removing
+                           the rule from.
+
+        :type src_security_group_name: string
+        :param src_security_group_name: The name of the security group you are
+                                        revoking access to.
+
+        :type src_security_group_owner_id: string
+        :param src_security_group_owner_id: The ID of the owner of the security
+                                            group you are revoking access to.
+
+        :type ip_protocol: string
+        :param ip_protocol: Either tcp | udp | icmp
+
+        :type from_port: int
+        :param from_port: The beginning port number you are disabling
+
+        :type to_port: int
+        :param to_port: The ending port number you are disabling
+
+        :type to_port: string
+        :param to_port: The CIDR block you are revoking access to.
+                        http://goo.gl/Yj5QC
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful.
+        """
+        params = {'GroupName':group_name}
+        if src_security_group_name:
+            params['SourceSecurityGroupName'] = src_security_group_name
+        if src_security_group_owner_id:
+            params['SourceSecurityGroupOwnerId'] = src_security_group_owner_id
+        if ip_protocol:
+            params['IpProtocol'] = ip_protocol
+        if from_port:
+            params['FromPort'] = from_port
+        if to_port:
+            params['ToPort'] = to_port
+        if cidr_ip:
+            params['CidrIp'] = cidr_ip
+        return self.get_status('RevokeSecurityGroupIngress', params)
+
+    def revoke_security_group(self, group_name=None,
+                              src_security_group_name=None,
+                              src_security_group_owner_id=None,
+                              ip_protocol=None, from_port=None, to_port=None,
+                              cidr_ip=None, group_id=None,
+                              src_security_group_group_id=None):
+        """
+        Remove an existing rule from an existing security group.
+        You need to pass in either src_security_group_name and
+        src_security_group_owner_id OR ip_protocol, from_port, to_port,
+        and cidr_ip.  In other words, either you are revoking another
+        group or you are revoking some ip-based rule.
+
+        :type group_name: string
+        :param group_name: The name of the security group you are removing
+            the rule from.
+
+        :type src_security_group_name: string
+        :param src_security_group_name: The name of the security group you are
+            revoking access to.
+
+        :type src_security_group_owner_id: string
+        :param src_security_group_owner_id: The ID of the owner of the security
+            group you are revoking access to.
+
+        :type ip_protocol: string
+        :param ip_protocol: Either tcp | udp | icmp
+
+        :type from_port: int
+        :param from_port: The beginning port number you are disabling
+
+        :type to_port: int
+        :param to_port: The ending port number you are disabling
+
+        :type cidr_ip: string
+        :param cidr_ip: The CIDR block you are revoking access to.
+            See http://goo.gl/Yj5QC
+
+        :type group_id: string
+        :param group_id: ID of the EC2 or VPC security group to
+            modify.  This is required for VPC security groups and can
+            be used instead of group_name for EC2 security groups.
+
+        :type src_security_group_group_id: string
+        :param src_security_group_group_id: The ID of the security group
+            for which you are revoking access.  Can be used instead
+            of src_security_group_name
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful.
+        """
+        if src_security_group_name:
+            if from_port is None and to_port is None and ip_protocol is None:
+                return self.revoke_security_group_deprecated(
+                    group_name, src_security_group_name,
+                    src_security_group_owner_id)
+        params = {}
+        if group_name is not None:
+            params['GroupName'] = group_name
+        if group_id is not None:
+            params['GroupId'] = group_id
+        if src_security_group_name:
+            param_name = 'IpPermissions.1.Groups.1.GroupName'
+            params[param_name] = src_security_group_name
+        if src_security_group_group_id:
+            param_name = 'IpPermissions.1.Groups.1.GroupId'
+            params[param_name] = src_security_group_group_id
+        if src_security_group_owner_id:
+            param_name = 'IpPermissions.1.Groups.1.UserId'
+            params[param_name] = src_security_group_owner_id
+        if ip_protocol:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.IpProtocol'] = ip_protocol
+        if from_port is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.FromPort'] = from_port
+        if to_port is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.ToPort'] = to_port
+        if cidr_ip:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.IpRanges.1.CidrIp'] = cidr_ip
+        return self.get_status('RevokeSecurityGroupIngress',
+                               params, verb='POST')
+
+    def revoke_security_group_egress(self,
+                                     group_id,
+                                     ip_protocol,
+                                     from_port=None,
+                                     to_port=None,
+                                     src_group_id=None,
+                                     cidr_ip=None):
+        """
+        Remove an existing egress rule from an existing VPC security
+        group.  You need to pass in an ip_protocol, from_port and
+        to_port range only if the protocol you are using is
+        port-based. You also need to pass in either a src_group_id or
+        cidr_ip.
+
+        :type group_name: string
+        :param group_id:  The name of the security group you are removing
+            the rule from.
+
+        :type ip_protocol: string
+        :param ip_protocol: Either tcp | udp | icmp | -1
+
+        :type from_port: int
+        :param from_port: The beginning port number you are disabling
+
+        :type to_port: int
+        :param to_port: The ending port number you are disabling
+
+        :type src_group_id: src_group_id
+        :param src_group_id: The source security group you are
+            revoking access to.
+
+        :type cidr_ip: string
+        :param cidr_ip: The CIDR block you are revoking access to.
+            See http://goo.gl/Yj5QC
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful.
+        """
+
+        params = {}
+        if group_id:
+            params['GroupId'] = group_id
+        if ip_protocol:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.IpProtocol'] = ip_protocol
+        if from_port is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.FromPort'] = from_port
+        if to_port is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.ToPort'] = to_port
+        if src_group_id is not None:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.Groups.1.GroupId'] = src_group_id
+        if cidr_ip:
+            params['IpPermissions.1.IpRanges.1.CidrIp'] = cidr_ip
+        return self.get_status('RevokeSecurityGroupEgress',
+                               params, verb='POST')
+
+    #
+    # Regions
+    #
+
+    def get_all_regions(self, region_names=None, filters=None):
+        """
+        Get all available regions for the EC2 service.
+
+        :type region_names: list of str
+        :param region_names: Names of regions to limit output
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.regioninfo.RegionInfo`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if region_names:
+            self.build_list_params(params, region_names, 'RegionName')
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        regions = self.get_list('DescribeRegions', params,
+                                 [('item', RegionInfo)], verb='POST')
+        for region in regions:
+            region.connection_cls = EC2Connection
+        return regions
+
+    #
+    # Reservation methods
+    #
+
+    def get_all_reserved_instances_offerings(self,
+                                             reserved_instances_offering_ids=None,
+                                             instance_type=None,
+                                             availability_zone=None,
+                                             product_description=None,
+                                             filters=None,
+                                             instance_tenancy=None,
+                                             offering_type=None,
+                                             include_marketplace=None,
+                                             min_duration=None,
+                                             max_duration=None,
+                                             max_instance_count=None,
+                                             next_token=None,
+                                             max_results=None):
+        """
+        Describes Reserved Instance offerings that are available for purchase.
+
+        :type reserved_instances_offering_ids: list
+        :param reserved_instances_id: One or more Reserved Instances
+            offering IDs.
+
+        :type instance_type: str
+        :param instance_type: Displays Reserved Instances of the specified
+                              instance type.
+
+        :type availability_zone: str
+        :param availability_zone: Displays Reserved Instances within the
+                                  specified Availability Zone.
+
+        :type product_description: str
+        :param product_description: Displays Reserved Instances with the
+                                    specified product description.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :type instance_tenancy: string
+        :param instance_tenancy: The tenancy of the Reserved Instance offering.
+            A Reserved Instance with tenancy of dedicated will run on
+            single-tenant hardware and can only be launched within a VPC.
+
+        :type offering_type: string
+        :param offering_type: The Reserved Instance offering type.  Valid
+            Values: `"Heavy Utilization" | "Medium Utilization" | "Light
+            Utilization"`
+
+        :type include_marketplace: bool
+        :param include_marketplace: Include Marketplace offerings in the
+            response.
+
+        :type min_duration: int :param min_duration: Minimum duration (in
+            seconds) to filter when searching for offerings.
+
+        :type max_duration: int
+        :param max_duration: Maximum duration (in seconds) to filter when
+            searching for offerings.
+
+        :type max_instance_count: int
+        :param max_instance_count: Maximum number of instances to filter when
+            searching for offerings.
+
+        :type next_token: string
+        :param next_token: Token to use when requesting the next paginated set
+            of offerings.
+
+        :type max_results: int
+        :param max_results: Maximum number of offerings to return per call.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of
+            :class:`boto.ec2.reservedinstance.ReservedInstancesOffering`.
+
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if reserved_instances_offering_ids is not None:
+            self.build_list_params(params, reserved_instances_offering_ids,
+                                   'ReservedInstancesOfferingId')
+        if instance_type:
+            params['InstanceType'] = instance_type
+        if availability_zone:
+            params['AvailabilityZone'] = availability_zone
+        if product_description:
+            params['ProductDescription'] = product_description
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        if instance_tenancy is not None:
+            params['InstanceTenancy'] = instance_tenancy
+        if offering_type is not None:
+            params['OfferingType'] = offering_type
+        if include_marketplace is not None:
+            if include_marketplace:
+                params['IncludeMarketplace'] = 'true'
+            else:
+                params['IncludeMarketplace'] = 'false'
+        if min_duration is not None:
+            params['MinDuration'] = str(min_duration)
+        if max_duration is not None:
+            params['MaxDuration'] = str(max_duration)
+        if max_instance_count is not None:
+            params['MaxInstanceCount'] = str(max_instance_count)
+        if next_token is not None:
+            params['NextToken'] = next_token
+        if max_results is not None:
+            params['MaxResults'] = str(max_results)
+
+        return self.get_list('DescribeReservedInstancesOfferings',
+                             params, [('item', ReservedInstancesOffering)],
+                             verb='POST')
+
+    def get_all_reserved_instances(self, reserved_instances_id=None,
+                                   filters=None):
+        """
+        Describes one or more of the Reserved Instances that you purchased.
+
+        :type reserved_instance_ids: list
+        :param reserved_instance_ids: A list of the reserved instance ids that
+            will be returned. If not provided, all reserved instances
+            will be returned.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit the
+            results returned.  Filters are provided in the form of a
+            dictionary consisting of filter names as the key and
+            filter values as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+            names/values is dependent on the request being performed.
+            Check the EC2 API guide for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.reservedinstance.ReservedInstance`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if reserved_instances_id:
+            self.build_list_params(params, reserved_instances_id,
+                                   'ReservedInstancesId')
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeReservedInstances',
+                             params, [('item', ReservedInstance)], verb='POST')
+
+    def purchase_reserved_instance_offering(self,
+                                            reserved_instances_offering_id,
+                                            instance_count=1, limit_price=None):
+        """
+        Purchase a Reserved Instance for use with your account.
+        ** CAUTION **
+        This request can result in large amounts of money being charged to your
+        AWS account.  Use with caution!
+
+        :type reserved_instances_offering_id: string
+        :param reserved_instances_offering_id: The offering ID of the Reserved
+            Instance to purchase
+
+        :type instance_count: int
+        :param instance_count: The number of Reserved Instances to purchase.
+            Default value is 1.
+
+        :type limit_price: tuple
+        :param instance_count: Limit the price on the total order.
+            Must be a tuple of (amount, currency_code), for example:
+            (100.0, 'USD').
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.reservedinstance.ReservedInstance`
+        :return: The newly created Reserved Instance
+        """
+        params = {
+            'ReservedInstancesOfferingId': reserved_instances_offering_id,
+            'InstanceCount': instance_count}
+        if limit_price is not None:
+            params['LimitPrice.Amount'] = str(limit_price[0])
+            params['LimitPrice.CurrencyCode'] = str(limit_price[1])
+        return self.get_object('PurchaseReservedInstancesOffering', params,
+                               ReservedInstance, verb='POST')
+
+    def create_reserved_instances_listing(self, reserved_instances_id, instance_count,
+                                          price_schedules, client_token):
+        """Creates a new listing for Reserved Instances.
+
+        Creates a new listing for Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances that will be
+        sold in the Reserved Instance Marketplace. You can submit one Reserved
+        Instance listing at a time.
+
+        The Reserved Instance Marketplace matches sellers who want to resell
+        Reserved Instance capacity that they no longer need with buyers who
+        want to purchase additional capacity. Reserved Instances bought and
+        sold through the Reserved Instance Marketplace work like any other
+        Reserved Instances.
+
+        If you want to sell your Reserved Instances, you must first register as
+        a Seller in the Reserved Instance Marketplace. After completing the
+        registration process, you can create a Reserved Instance Marketplace
+        listing of some or all of your Reserved Instances, and specify the
+        upfront price you want to receive for them. Your Reserved Instance
+        listings then become available for purchase.
+
+        :type reserved_instances_id: string
+        :param reserved_instances_id: The ID of the Reserved Instance that
+            will be listed.
+
+        :type instance_count: int
+        :param instance_count: The number of instances that are a part of a
+            Reserved Instance account that will be listed in the Reserved
+            Instance Marketplace. This number should be less than or equal to
+            the instance count associated with the Reserved Instance ID
+            specified in this call.
+
+        :type price_schedules: List of tuples
+        :param price_schedules: A list specifying the price of the Reserved
+            Instance for each month remaining in the Reserved Instance term.
+            Each tuple contains two elements, the price and the term.  For
+            example, for an instance that 11 months remaining in its term,
+            we can have a price schedule with an upfront price of $2.50.
+            At 8 months remaining we can drop the price down to $2.00.
+            This would be expressed as::
+
+                price_schedules=[('2.50', 11), ('2.00', 8)]
+
+        :type client_token: string
+        :param client_token: Unique, case-sensitive identifier you provide
+            to ensure idempotency of the request.  Maximum 64 ASCII characters.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of
+            :class:`boto.ec2.reservedinstance.ReservedInstanceListing`
+
+        """
+        params = {
+            'ReservedInstancesId': reserved_instances_id,
+            'InstanceCount': str(instance_count),
+            'ClientToken': client_token,
+        }
+        for i, schedule in enumerate(price_schedules):
+            price, term = schedule
+            params['PriceSchedules.%s.Price' % i] = str(price)
+            params['PriceSchedules.%s.Term' % i] = str(term)
+        return self.get_list('CreateReservedInstancesListing',
+                             params, [('item', ReservedInstanceListing)], verb='POST')
+
+    def cancel_reserved_instances_listing(
+            self, reserved_instances_listing_ids=None):
+        """Cancels the specified Reserved Instance listing.
+
+        :type reserved_instances_listing_ids: List of strings
+        :param reserved_instances_listing_ids: The ID of the
+            Reserved Instance listing to be cancelled.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of
+            :class:`boto.ec2.reservedinstance.ReservedInstanceListing`
+
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if reserved_instances_listing_ids is not None:
+            self.build_list_params(params, reserved_instances_listing_ids,
+                                   'ReservedInstancesListingId')
+        return self.get_list('CancelReservedInstancesListing',
+                             params, [('item', ReservedInstanceListing)], verb='POST')
+
+    #
+    # Monitoring
+    #
+
+    def monitor_instances(self, instance_ids):
+        """
+        Enable CloudWatch monitoring for the supplied instances.
+
+        :type instance_id: list of strings
+        :param instance_id: The instance ids
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.instanceinfo.InstanceInfo`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        self.build_list_params(params, instance_ids, 'InstanceId')
+        return self.get_list('MonitorInstances', params,
+                             [('item', InstanceInfo)], verb='POST')
+
+    def monitor_instance(self, instance_id):
+        """
+        Deprecated Version, maintained for backward compatibility.
+        Enable CloudWatch monitoring for the supplied instance.
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: The instance id
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.instanceinfo.InstanceInfo`
+        """
+        return self.monitor_instances([instance_id])
+
+    def unmonitor_instances(self, instance_ids):
+        """
+        Disable CloudWatch monitoring for the supplied instance.
+
+        :type instance_id: list of string
+        :param instance_id: The instance id
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.instanceinfo.InstanceInfo`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        self.build_list_params(params, instance_ids, 'InstanceId')
+        return self.get_list('UnmonitorInstances', params,
+                             [('item', InstanceInfo)], verb='POST')
+
+    def unmonitor_instance(self, instance_id):
+        """
+        Deprecated Version, maintained for backward compatibility.
+        Disable CloudWatch monitoring for the supplied instance.
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: The instance id
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.instanceinfo.InstanceInfo`
+        """
+        return self.unmonitor_instances([instance_id])
+
+    #
+    # Bundle Windows Instances
+    #
+
+    def bundle_instance(self, instance_id,
+                        s3_bucket,
+                        s3_prefix,
+                        s3_upload_policy):
+        """
+        Bundle Windows instance.
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: The instance id
+
+        :type s3_bucket: string
+        :param s3_bucket: The bucket in which the AMI should be stored.
+
+        :type s3_prefix: string
+        :param s3_prefix: The beginning of the file name for the AMI.
+
+        :type s3_upload_policy: string
+        :param s3_upload_policy: Base64 encoded policy that specifies condition
+                                 and permissions for Amazon EC2 to upload the
+                                 user's image into Amazon S3.
+        """
+
+        params = {'InstanceId': instance_id,
+                  'Storage.S3.Bucket': s3_bucket,
+                  'Storage.S3.Prefix': s3_prefix,
+                  'Storage.S3.UploadPolicy': s3_upload_policy}
+        s3auth = boto.auth.get_auth_handler(None, boto.config,
+                                            self.provider, ['s3'])
+        params['Storage.S3.AWSAccessKeyId'] = self.aws_access_key_id
+        signature = s3auth.sign_string(s3_upload_policy)
+        params['Storage.S3.UploadPolicySignature'] = signature
+        return self.get_object('BundleInstance', params,
+                               BundleInstanceTask, verb='POST')
+
+    def get_all_bundle_tasks(self, bundle_ids=None, filters=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve current bundling tasks. If no bundle id is specified, all
+        tasks are retrieved.
+
+        :type bundle_ids: list
+        :param bundle_ids: A list of strings containing identifiers for
+                           previously created bundling tasks.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        """
+
+        params = {}
+        if bundle_ids:
+            self.build_list_params(params, bundle_ids, 'BundleId')
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeBundleTasks', params,
+                             [('item', BundleInstanceTask)], verb='POST')
+
+    def cancel_bundle_task(self, bundle_id):
+        """
+        Cancel a previously submitted bundle task
+
+        :type bundle_id: string
+        :param bundle_id: The identifier of the bundle task to cancel.
+        """
+
+        params = {'BundleId': bundle_id}
+        return self.get_object('CancelBundleTask', params,
+                               BundleInstanceTask, verb='POST')
+
+    def get_password_data(self, instance_id):
+        """
+        Get encrypted administrator password for a Windows instance.
+
+        :type instance_id: string
+        :param instance_id: The identifier of the instance to retrieve the
+                            password for.
+        """
+
+        params = {'InstanceId': instance_id}
+        rs = self.get_object('GetPasswordData', params, ResultSet, verb='POST')
+        return rs.passwordData
+
+    #
+    # Cluster Placement Groups
+    #
+
+    def get_all_placement_groups(self, groupnames=None, filters=None):
+        """
+        Get all placement groups associated with your account in a region.
+
+        :type groupnames: list
+        :param groupnames: A list of the names of placement groups to retrieve.
+                           If not provided, all placement groups will be
+                           returned.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.placementgroup.PlacementGroup`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if groupnames:
+            self.build_list_params(params, groupnames, 'GroupName')
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribePlacementGroups', params,
+                             [('item', PlacementGroup)], verb='POST')
+
+    def create_placement_group(self, name, strategy='cluster'):
+        """
+        Create a new placement group for your account.
+        This will create the placement group within the region you
+        are currently connected to.
+
+        :type name: string
+        :param name: The name of the new placement group
+
+        :type strategy: string
+        :param strategy: The placement strategy of the new placement group.
+                         Currently, the only acceptable value is "cluster".
+
+        :rtype: bool
+        :return: True if successful
+        """
+        params = {'GroupName':name, 'Strategy':strategy}
+        group = self.get_status('CreatePlacementGroup', params, verb='POST')
+        return group
+
+    def delete_placement_group(self, name):
+        """
+        Delete a placement group from your account.
+
+        :type key_name: string
+        :param key_name: The name of the keypair to delete
+        """
+        params = {'GroupName':name}
+        return self.get_status('DeletePlacementGroup', params, verb='POST')
+
+    # Tag methods
+
+    def build_tag_param_list(self, params, tags):
+        keys = sorted(tags.keys())
+        i = 1
+        for key in keys:
+            value = tags[key]
+            params['Tag.%d.Key'%i] = key
+            if value is not None:
+                params['Tag.%d.Value'%i] = value
+            i += 1
+
+    def get_all_tags(self, filters=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve all the metadata tags associated with your account.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :rtype: dict
+        :return: A dictionary containing metadata tags
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeTags', params,
+                             [('item', Tag)], verb='POST')
+
+    def create_tags(self, resource_ids, tags):
+        """
+        Create new metadata tags for the specified resource ids.
+
+        :type resource_ids: list
+        :param resource_ids: List of strings
+
+        :type tags: dict
+        :param tags: A dictionary containing the name/value pairs.
+                     If you want to create only a tag name, the
+                     value for that tag should be the empty string
+                     (e.g. '').
+
+        """
+        params = {}
+        self.build_list_params(params, resource_ids, 'ResourceId')
+        self.build_tag_param_list(params, tags)
+        return self.get_status('CreateTags', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def delete_tags(self, resource_ids, tags):
+        """
+        Delete metadata tags for the specified resource ids.
+
+        :type resource_ids: list
+        :param resource_ids: List of strings
+
+        :type tags: dict or list
+        :param tags: Either a dictionary containing name/value pairs
+                     or a list containing just tag names.
+                     If you pass in a dictionary, the values must
+                     match the actual tag values or the tag will
+                     not be deleted.  If you pass in a value of None
+                     for the tag value, all tags with that name will
+                     be deleted.
+
+        """
+        if isinstance(tags, list):
+            tags = {}.fromkeys(tags, None)
+        params = {}
+        self.build_list_params(params, resource_ids, 'ResourceId')
+        self.build_tag_param_list(params, tags)
+        return self.get_status('DeleteTags', params, verb='POST')
+
+    # Network Interface methods
+
+    def get_all_network_interfaces(self, filters=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve all of the Elastic Network Interfaces (ENI's)
+        associated with your account.
+
+        :type filters: dict
+        :param filters: Optional filters that can be used to limit
+                        the results returned.  Filters are provided
+                        in the form of a dictionary consisting of
+                        filter names as the key and filter values
+                        as the value.  The set of allowable filter
+                        names/values is dependent on the request
+                        being performed.  Check the EC2 API guide
+                        for details.
+
+        :rtype: list
+        :return: A list of :class:`boto.ec2.networkinterface.NetworkInterface`
+        """
+        params = {}
+        if filters:
+            self.build_filter_params(params, filters)
+        return self.get_list('DescribeNetworkInterfaces', params,
+                             [('item', NetworkInterface)], verb='POST')
+
+    def create_network_interface(self, subnet_id, private_ip_address=None,
+                                 description=None, groups=None):
+        """
+        Creates a network interface in the specified subnet.
+
+        :type subnet_id: str
+        :param subnet_id: The ID of the subnet to associate with the
+            network interface.
+
+        :type private_ip_address: str
+        :param private_ip_address: The private IP address of the
+            network interface.  If not supplied, one will be chosen
+            for you.
+
+        :type description: str
+        :param description: The description of the network interface.
+
+        :type groups: list
+        :param groups: Lists the groups for use by the network interface.
+            This can be either a list of group ID's or a list of
+            :class:`boto.ec2.securitygroup.SecurityGroup` objects.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`boto.ec2.networkinterface.NetworkInterface`
+        :return: The newly created network interface.
+        """
+        params = {'SubnetId': subnet_id}
+        if private_ip_address:
+            params['PrivateIpAddress'] = private_ip_address
+        if description:
+            params['Description'] = description
+        if groups:
+            ids = []
+            for group in groups:
+                if isinstance(group, SecurityGroup):
+                    ids.append(group.id)
+                else:
+                    ids.append(group)
+            self.build_list_params(params, ids, 'SecurityGroupId')
+        return self.get_object('CreateNetworkInterface', params,
+                               NetworkInterface, verb='POST')
+
+    def attach_network_interface(self, network_interface_id,
+                                 instance_id, device_index):
+        """
+        Attaches a network interface to an instance.
+
+        :type network_interface_id: str
+        :param network_interface_id: The ID of the network interface to attach.
+
+        :type instance_id: str
+        :param instance_id: The ID of the instance that will be attached
+            to the network interface.
+
+        :type device_index: int
+        :param device_index: The index of the device for the network
+            interface attachment on the instance.
+        """
+        params = {'NetworkInterfaceId': network_interface_id,
+                  'InstanceId': instance_id,
+                  'DeviceIndex': device_index}
+        return self.get_status('AttachNetworkInterface', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def detach_network_interface(self, attachement_id, force=False):
+        """
+        Detaches a network interface from an instance.
+
+        :type attachment_id: str
+        :param attachment_id: The ID of the attachment.
+
+        :type force: bool
+        :param force: Set to true to force a detachment.
+
+        """
+        params = {'AttachmentId': network_interface_id}
+        if force:
+            params['Force'] = 'true'
+        return self.get_status('DetachNetworkInterface', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def delete_network_interface(self, network_interface_id):
+        """
+        Delete the specified network interface.
+
+        :type network_interface_id: str
+        :param network_interface_id: The ID of the network interface to delete.
+
+        """
+        params = {'NetworkInterfaceId': network_interface_id}
+        return self.get_status('DeleteNetworkInterface', params, verb='POST')
+
+    def get_all_vmtypes(self):
+        """
+        Get all vmtypes available on this cloud (eucalyptus specific)
+
+        :rtype: list of :class:`boto.ec2.vmtype.VmType`
+        :return: The requested VmType objects
+        """
+        params = {}
+        return self.get_list('DescribeVmTypes', params, [('euca:item', VmType)], verb='POST')
+