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Side by Side Diff: corelib/src/future.dart

Issue 10890030: Move core and coreimpl from corelib/ to lib/core and lib/coreimpl. (Closed) Base URL: https://dart.googlecode.com/svn/branches/bleeding_edge/dart
Patch Set: Rebase. Created 8 years, 3 months ago
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1 // Copyright (c) 2011, the Dart project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file
2 // for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
3 // BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
4
5 /**
6 * A [Future] is used to obtain a value sometime in the future. Receivers of a
7 * [Future] can obtain the value by passing a callback to [then]. For example:
8 *
9 * Future<int> future = getFutureFromSomewhere();
10 * future.then((value) {
11 * print("I received the number $value");
12 * });
13 *
14 * A future may complete by *succeeding* (producing a value) or *failing*
15 * (producing an exception, which may be handled with [handleException]).
16 * Callbacks passed to [onComplete] will be invoked in either case.
17 *
18 * When a future completes, the following actions happen in order:
19 *
20 * 1. if the future suceeded, handlers registered with [then] are called.
21 * 2. if the future failed, handlers registered with [handleException] are
22 * called in sequence, until one returns true.
23 * 3. handlers registered with [onComplete] are called
24 * 4. if the future failed, and at least one handler was registered with
25 * [then], and no handler registered with [handleException] returned
26 * [:true:], then the exception is thrown.
27 *
28 * Use a [Completer] to create and change the state of a [Future].
29 */
30 interface Future<T> default FutureImpl<T> {
31
32 /** A future whose value is immediately available. */
33 Future.immediate(T value);
34
35 /** The value provided. Throws an exception if [hasValue] is false. */
36 T get value();
37
38 /**
39 * Exception that occurred ([:null:] if no exception occured). This property
40 * throws a [FutureNotCompleteException] if it is used before this future is
41 * completes.
42 */
43 Object get exception();
44
45 /**
46 * The stack trace object associated with the exception that occurred. This
47 * throws a [FutureNotCompleteException] if it is used before the future
48 * completes. Returns [:null:] if the future completed successfully or a
49 * stack trace wasn't provided with the exception when it occurred.
50 */
51 Object get stackTrace();
52
53 /**
54 * Whether the future is complete (either the value is available or there was
55 * an exception).
56 */
57 bool get isComplete();
58
59 /**
60 * Whether the value is available (meaning [isComplete] is true, and there was
61 * no exception).
62 */
63 bool get hasValue();
64
65 /**
66 * When this future is complete (either with a value or with an exception),
67 * then [complete] is called with the future.
68 * If [complete] throws an exception, it is ignored.
69 */
70 void onComplete(void complete(Future<T> future));
71
72 /**
73 * If this future is complete and has a value, then [onValue] is called
74 * with the value.
75 */
76 void then(void onSuccess(T value));
77
78 /**
79 * If this future is complete and has an exception, then call [onException].
80 *
81 * If [onException] returns true, then the exception is considered handled.
82 *
83 * If [onException] does not return true (or [handleException] was never
84 * called), then the exception is not considered handled. In that case, if
85 * there were any calls to [then], then the exception will be thrown when the
86 * value is set.
87 *
88 * In most cases it should not be necessary to call [handleException],
89 * because the exception associated with this [Future] will propagate
90 * naturally if the future's value is being consumed. Only call
91 * [handleException] if you need to do some special local exception handling
92 * related to this particular Future's value.
93 */
94 void handleException(bool onException(Object exception));
95
96 /**
97 * A future representing [transformation] applied to this future's value.
98 *
99 * When this future gets a value, [transformation] will be called on the
100 * value, and the returned future will receive the result.
101 *
102 * If an exception occurs (received by this future, or thrown by
103 * [transformation]) then the returned future will receive the exception.
104 *
105 * You must not add exception handlers to [this] future prior to calling
106 * transform, and any you add afterwards will not be invoked.
107 */
108 Future transform(transformation(T value));
109
110 /**
111 * A future representing an asynchronous transformation applied to this
112 * future's value. [transformation] must return a Future.
113 *
114 * When this future gets a value, [transformation] will be called on the
115 * value. When the resulting future gets a value, the returned future
116 * will receive it.
117 *
118 * If an exception occurs (received by this future, thrown by
119 * [transformation], or received by the future returned by [transformation])
120 * then the returned future will receive the exception.
121 *
122 * You must not add exception handlers to [this] future prior to calling
123 * chain, and any you add afterwards will not be invoked.
124 */
125 Future chain(Future transformation(T value));
126 }
127
128
129 /**
130 * A [Completer] is used to produce [Future]s and supply their value when it
131 * becomes available.
132 *
133 * A service that provides values to callers, and wants to return [Future]s can
134 * use a [Completer] as follows:
135 *
136 * Completer completer = new Completer();
137 * // send future object back to client...
138 * return completer.future;
139 * ...
140 *
141 * // later when value is available, call:
142 * completer.complete(value);
143 *
144 * // alternatively, if the service cannot produce the value, it
145 * // can provide an exception:
146 * completer.completeException(exception);
147 *
148 */
149 interface Completer<T> default CompleterImpl<T> {
150
151 Completer();
152
153 /** The future that will contain the value produced by this completer. */
154 Future get future();
155
156 /** Supply a value for [future]. */
157 void complete(T value);
158
159 /**
160 * Indicate in [future] that an exception occured while trying to produce its
161 * value. The argument [exception] should not be [:null:]. A [stackTrace]
162 * object can be provided as well to give the user information about where
163 * the error occurred. If omitted, it will be [:null:].
164 */
165 void completeException(Object exception, [Object stackTrace]);
166 }
167
168 /** Thrown when reading a future's properties before it is complete. */
169 class FutureNotCompleteException implements Exception {
170 FutureNotCompleteException() {}
171 String toString() => "Exception: future has not been completed";
172 }
173
174 /**
175 * Thrown if a completer tries to set the value on a future that is already
176 * complete.
177 */
178 class FutureAlreadyCompleteException implements Exception {
179 FutureAlreadyCompleteException() {}
180 String toString() => "Exception: future already completed";
181 }
182
183
184 /**
185 * [Futures] holds additional utility functions that operate on [Future]s (for
186 * example, waiting for a collection of Futures to complete).
187 */
188 class Futures {
189
190 /**
191 * Returns a future which will complete once all the futures in a list are
192 * complete. If any of the futures in the list completes with an exception,
193 * the resulting future also completes with an exception. (The value of the
194 * returned future will be a list of all the values that were produced.)
195 */
196 static Future<List> wait(List<Future> futures) {
197 if (futures.isEmpty()) {
198 return new Future<List>.immediate(const []);
199 }
200
201 Completer completer = new Completer<List>();
202 Future<List> result = completer.future;
203 int remaining = futures.length;
204 List values = new List(futures.length);
205
206 // As each future completes, put its value into the corresponding
207 // position in the list of values.
208 for (int i = 0; i < futures.length; i++) {
209 // TODO(mattsh) - remove this after bug
210 // http://code.google.com/p/dart/issues/detail?id=333 is fixed.
211 int pos = i;
212 Future future = futures[pos];
213 future.then((Object value) {
214 values[pos] = value;
215 if (--remaining == 0 && !result.isComplete) {
216 completer.complete(values);
217 }
218 });
219 future.handleException((exception) {
220 if (!result.isComplete) {
221 completer.completeException(exception, future.stackTrace);
222 }
223 return true;
224 });
225 }
226 return result;
227 }
228 }
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