Refactor command code and add support for --help and --version.

utils/pub/package.dart

 // Copyright (c) 2012, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
 // for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
 // BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 
 /**
  * A named, versioned, unit of code and resource reuse.
  */
-class Package {
+class Package implements Hashable {
+  /**
+   * Loads the package whose root directory is [packageDir].
+   */
+  static Future<Package> load(String packageDir) {
+    final pubspecPath = join(packageDir, 'pubspec');
+
+    return _parsePubspec(pubspecPath).transform((dependencies) {
+      return new Package._(packageDir, dependencies);
+    });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The path to the directory containing the package.
+   */
+  final String dir;
+
   /**
    * The name of the package.
    */
   final String name;
 
   /**
    * The names of the packages that this package depends on. This is what is
    * specified in the pubspec when this package depends on another.
    */
   // TODO(rnystrom): When packages are versioned and sourced, this will likely
   // be something more than just a string.
   final Collection<String> dependencies;
 
   /**
-   * The cache where this package is contained.
+   * Constructs a package. This should not be called directly. Instead, acquire
+   * packages from [load()].
    */
-  final PackageCache _cache;
+  Package._(String dir, this.dependencies)
+  : dir = dir,
+    name = basename(dir);
 
   /**
-   * Constructs a package. This should not be called directly. Instead, acquire
-   * packages from [PackageCache].
+   * Reads and returns all of the packages this package immediately depends on.
    */
-  Package._(this._cache, this.name, this.dependencies);
+  Future<Collection<Package>> loadDependencies(PackageCache cache) {
+    return Futures.wait(dependencies.map((name) => cache.find(name)));
+  }
 
   /**
-   * Reads and returns all of the packages this package depends on.
+   * Walks the entire dependency graph starting at this package and returns a
+   * [Set] of all of the packages dependend on by this one, directly or
+   * indirectly. This package is included in the result set.
    */
-  Future<Collection<Package>> readDependencies() {
-    return Futures.wait(dependencies.map((name) => _cache.find(name)));
+  Future<Set<Package>> traverseDependencies(PackageCache cache) {
+    final completer = new Completer<Set<Package>>();
+    final packages = new Set<Package>();
+
+    var pendingAsyncCalls = 0;
+
+    walkPackage(Package package) {
+      // Skip packages we've already traversed.
+      if (packages.contains(package)) return;
+
+      // Add the package.
+      packages.add(package);
+
+      // Recurse into its dependencies.
+      pendingAsyncCalls++;
+      package.loadDependencies(cache).then((dependencies) {
+        for (final dependency in dependencies) {
+          walkPackage(dependency);
+        }
+
+        pendingAsyncCalls--;
+        if (pendingAsyncCalls == 0) completer.complete(packages);
+      });
+    }
+
+    walkPackage(this);
+
+    return completer.future;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Generates a hashcode for the package.
+   */
+  int hashCode() => name.hashCode();
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a debug string for the package.
+   */
+  String toString() => '$name ($dir)';
+
+  /**
+   * Parses the pubspec at the given path and returns the list of package
+   * dependencies it exposes.
+   */
+  static Future<List<String>> _parsePubspec(String path) {
+    final completer = new Completer<List<String>>();
+
+    // TODO(rnystrom): Handle the directory not existing.
+    // TODO(rnystrom): Error-handling.
+    final readFuture = readTextFile(path);
+    readFuture.handleException((error) {
+      // If there is no pubspec, we implicitly treat that as a package with no
+      // dependencies.
+      // TODO(rnystrom): Distinguish file not found from other real errors.
+      completer.complete(<String>[]);
+      return true;
+    });
+
+    readFuture.then((pubspec) {
+      // TODO(rnystrom): Use YAML parser when ready. For now, it's just a flat
+      // list of newline-separated strings.
+      final dependencyNames = pubspec.split('\n').
+          map((name) => name.trim()).
+          filter((name) => (name != null) && (name != ''));
+
+      completer.complete(dependencyNames);
+    });
+
+    return completer.future;
   }
 }